Anti-biofouling has been improved by passive or active ways. Passive antifouling strategies aim to prevent the initial adsorption of foulants, while active strategies aim to eliminate proliferative fouling by destruction of the chemical structure and inactivation of the cells. However, neither passive antifouling strategies nor active antifouling strategies can solely resist biofouling due to their inherent limitations. Herein, we successfully developed multimodal antibacterial surfaces for waterborne and airborne bacteria with the benefit of a combination of antiadhesion (passive) and bactericidal (active) properties of the surfaces. We elaborated multifunctionalizable porous amine-reactive (PAR) polymer films from poly­(pentafluorophenyl acrylate) (PPFPA). Pentafluorophenyl ester groups in the PAR films facilitate creation of multiple functionalities through a simple postmodification under mild condition, based on their high reactivity toward various primary amines. We introduced amine-containing poly­(dimethylsiloxane) (amine-PDMS) and dopamine into the PAR films, resulting in infusion of antifouling silicone oil lubricants and formation of bactericidal silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), respectively. As a result, the PAR film-based lubricant-infused AgNPs-incorporated surfaces demonstrate outstanding antibacterial effects toward both waterborne and airborne Escherichia coli, suggesting a new door for development of an effective multimodal anti-biofouling surface.

All‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) that employ anode‐less electrodes have drawn attention from across the battery community because they offer competitive energy densities and a markedly improved cycle life. Nevertheless, the composite matrices of anode‐less electrodes impose a substantial barrier for lithium‐ion diffusion and inhibit operation at room temperature. To overcome this drawback, here, the conversion reaction of metal fluorides is exploited because metallic nanodomains formed during this reaction induce an alloying reaction with lithium ions for uniform and sustainable lithium (de)plating. Lithium fluoride (LiF), another product of the conversion reaction, prevents the agglomeration of the metallic nanodomains and also protects the electrode from fatal lithium dendrite growth. A systematic analysis identifies silver (I) fluoride (AgF) as the most suitable metal fluoride because the silver nanodomains can accommodate the solid‐solution mechanism with a low nucleation overpotential. AgF‐based full cells attain reliable cycling at 25 °C even with an exceptionally high areal capacity of 9.7 mAh cm−2 (areal loading of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 = 50 mg cm–2). These results offer useful insights into designing materials for anode‐less electrodes for sulfide‐based ASSBs.

Sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) have attracted much attention owing to their superior safety and potentially high‐energy density. Nevertheless, sulfide‐based ASSBs suffer from limited performance in terms of their cycle life and rate capability, which is closely related to interfacial degradation during cycling. Another weakness is the absence of manufacturing protocols. Having noted that the binder can play a pivotal role in both the cell performance and scale‐up, here, we report poly(1,2‐butadiene)‐b‐poly(methyl methacrylate) (PBD‐b‐PMMA) block copolymers as the binders. At the optimal ratio, the soft PBD segments and hard PMMA segments work synergistically to strengthen adhesion among particles in the electrode and introduce elasticity in the binder network, enabling the key battery performance indicators to be improved markedly. The systematic study also reveals the importance of the microscopic distributions of these two segments. This study signifies the appropriate combination of adhesion and elasticity in designing binders for sulfide‐based ASSBs.