This study describes the imaging features and characteristics of caval foramen hernias in
7 dogs diagnosed by computed tomography (CT). On lateral radiographs, 6 of 7 dogs showed
dome-shaped, broad-based, caudal mediastinal lesions. CT findings included caudal vena
cava (CVC) compression (n=7), right lateral (n=6) or
medial (n=1) liver lobe involvement, hepatic vein dilation
(n=5) and biliary tract involvement (n=1) with partial
(n=6) or entire (n=1) liver lobe hernias. A caval
foramen hernia should be part of the differential diagnosis when the aforementioned
imaging features are detected. CT is considered as a useful tool for diagnosis and
evaluation in dogs with a caval foramen hernia.
Conventional stereo matching systems generate a depth map using two or more digital imaging sensors. It is difficult to use the small camera system because of their high costs and bulky sizes. In order to solve this problem, this paper presents a stereo matching system using a single image sensor with phase masks for the phase difference auto-focusing. A novel pattern of phase mask array is proposed to simultaneously acquire two pairs of stereo images. Furthermore, a noise-invariant depth map is generated from the raw format sensor output. The proposed method consists of four steps to compute the depth map: (i) acquisition of stereo images using the proposed mask array, (ii) variational segmentation using merging criteria to simplify the input image, (iii) disparity map generation using the hierarchical block matching for disparity measurement, and (iv) image matting to fill holes to generate the dense depth map. The proposed system can be used in small digital cameras without additional lenses or sensors.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.