Drugs derived from traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) include both single chemical entities and multi-component preparations.

Numerous studies have shown that rewarding or penalizing public officials for their performance in a mechanical fashion may have perverse effects, as evidenced by the strategic responses to imposed targets demonstrated by those exposed to the measurement process. Focusing attention on performance evaluation practices in Chinese local government, this research finds that implementing quantitative measurement in local authorities has triggered multiple strategic responses. Drawing on these insights from an institutional logics perspective, the study attempts to provide a theoretical account of the underlying mechanism that has led to repeatedly observed instances of organizational cheating.

No abstract

No abstract

This article presents an updated meta-analysis of survey experiments comparing the performance of the item count technique (ICT) and the direct questioning method. After synthesizing 246 effect sizes from 54 studies, we find that the probability that a sensitive item will be selected is .089 higher when using ICT compared to direct questioning. In recognition of the heterogeneity across studies, we seek to explain this variation by means of moderator analyses. We find that the relative effectiveness of ICT is moderated by cultural orientation in the context in which ICT is conducted (collectivism vs. individualism), the valence of topics involved in the applications (socially desirable vs. socially undesirable), and the number of nonkey items. In the Discussion section, we elaborate on the methodological implications of the main findings.

No abstract

The premise of this article is that developing persuasive justification is fundamental to the construction and emergence of policy innovation. Nevertheless, given that policy innovation has been typically treated as given, existing public policy research on innovation says little about the process through which the rationales for innovative policies are established. A rhetorical approach is introduced as a new perspective to illustrate this process. In particular, I focus on the case of happiness indices, which is selected because it represents a noninstitutionalized idea which challenges the incumbent way of measuring social progress by GDP‐related indicators. Rhetorical analysis is then applied to a body of documents advocating this ambitious innovation, through which I reveal five distinct types of legitimation strategies (i.e., logos, authorization, cosmology, scientization, and teleology). These rhetorical strategies are used in a supplementary manner to describe a policy idea—utopian in many people's eyes—as appropriate and desirable. The concluding discussion section highlights the wider implications of the empirical findings.

No abstract