Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings were produced on AZ31B magnesium alloys in alkaline electrolytes with the addition of various concentrations of Al2O3 sols. Effects of Al2O3 sol concentrations on the microstructure, phase composition, corrosion resistance and hardness of PEO coatings were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), microhardness testing and potentiodynamic polarization measurements, respectively. It was revealed that the Al2O3 sol mostly participated in the formation of the ceramic coating and transferred into the MgAl2O4 phase. With the increase of the Al2O3 sol concentration in the range of 0–6 vol%, the coating performance in terms of the microstructure, diffraction peak intensity of the MgAl2O4 phase, corrosion resistance and microhardness was improved. Further increase of Al2O3 sol addition did not generate better results. This indicated that 6 vol% might be the proper Al2O3 sol concentration for the formation of PEO coatings.
A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, short rod-shaped, non-endospore-forming, ivory-pigmented and non-motile bacterium, designated strain BUT-5 T , was isolated from activated sludge of an herbicides-manufacturing wastewater treatment facility in Jiangsu Province, China. The major fatty acids (.5 % of total fatty acids) were C 16 : 0 , C 18 : 1 2-OH and summed feature 8 (C 18 : 1 v7c and/or C 18 : 1 v6c). The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q-10. The polar lipids profile of strain T included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and two unknown aminolipids. The DNA G+C content was 67.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain BUT-5 T showed the highest sequence similarities to Roseomonas soli 5N26 T (97.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), followed by Roseomonas lacus TH-G33 T (97.3 %) and
The removal of chromium(III) (Cr(III)) from industrial wastewater by various low-cost methods has been widely investigated. In this paper, a type of bio-adsorbent was prepared using rice straw modified by fermentation and simple chemical treatment. The aim is to detect the adsorption mechanism and characteristics on Cr(III) ions. The analysis shows that the bio-adsorbent possesses four modified characteristics for Cr(III) adsorption. The first one is the acquired physical adsorption involving concave and convex structures. The second one is the effects of the hydrogen bonding surface hydroxyl groups and the metal chromium ion with complexation. The third one is mainly caused by hydrophilic active groups that possess carboxyl and hydroxyl groups during microbial degradation to combine with ions. The final one is the bio-adsorbent had high adsorption for low concentration of Cr(III) ions. The highest removal of around 97.45% was obtained at pH 5.0, bio-adsorption dosage of 0.5 g L(-1), and initial Cr(III) concentration of 20 mg L(-1). The adsorption process followed the pseudo second-order model (R(2) > 0.99), while the isotherms were fitted to the Freundlich equation (68.1926 mg g(-1)), mainly by chemical adsorption. This study demonstrates the potential of using this biosorbent to remove Cr(III) from both synthetic and industrial wastewater.
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