A sponge airport is a new concept of airport stormwater management, which can effectively relieve airport flooding and promote the usage of rainwater resources, often including the application of low impact development (LID) facilities. Although many airports in China have been chosen to implement sponge airport construction, there is a lack of quantitative evaluation on the effect of LID facilities. This paper takes Beijing Daxing International Airport as a case study and develops a comprehensive evaluation on the effect of LID facilities using the storm water management model (SWMM). The performance of four LID design scenarios with different locations and sizes of the rain barrel, the vegetative swale, the green roof, and the storage tank were analyzed. After LID, the water depth of J7 reduces from 0.6 m to 0.2 m, and duration of accumulated water reduces from 5 hours to 2.5 hours. The water depth of J17 reduces from 0.5 m to 0.1 m, and duration of accumulated water reduces from 2 hours to 15 minutes. The capacity of conduits has been greatly improved (Link 7 and Link 17). The application of LID facilities greatly improves rainwater removal capacity and effectively alleviates the waterlogging risk in the study area.
Recently urban waterlogging problems have become more and more serious, and the construction of an airport runway makes the impervious area of the airport high, which leads to the deterioration of the water environment and frequent waterlogging disasters. It is of great significance to design and construct the sponge airport with low impact development (LID) facilities. In this paper, we take catchment N1 of Beijing Daxing International Airport as a case study. The LID facilities are designed and the runoff process of a heavy rainfall in catchment N1 is simulated before and after the implementation of LID facilities. The results show that the total amount of surface runoff, the number of overflow junctions and full-flow conduits of the rainwater drainage system in catchment N1 of Beijing Daxing International Airport are significantly reduced after the implementation of the LID facilities. Therefore, the application of LID facilities has greatly improved the ability of the airport to remove rainwater and effectively alleviated the risk of waterlogging in the airport flight area. This study provides theoretical support for airport designers and managers to solve flood control and rainwater drainage problems and has vital practical significance.
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