Purpose Smoking, alcohol consumption, allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, and obesity are associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), albeit the causal relationships between them remain elusive. Therefore, we conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the bidirectional causal effects between these potential risk factors and CRS. Methods The data for daily cigarette consumption, age of smoking initiation, weekly alcohol consumption, AR, asthma, body mass index (BMI), and CRS were drawn from large sample size genome-wide association studies. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with each exposure were considered instrumental variables in this study. We investigated causal effects by using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method with random effects, and weighted median and MR–Egger methods were used for sensitivity analyses. Pleiotropic effects were detected and corrected by the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test and MR–Egger model. Results We found the causal effects of daily cigarette consumption (IVW, OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.00−1.32, p = 0.046), AR (IVW, OR = 4.77, 95% CI 1.61−14.13, p = 0.005), asthma (IVW, OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.31 − 1.60, p < 0.001), and BMI (IVW, OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.00−1.09, p = 0.028) on CRS. Furthermore, we found a causal effect of CRS on asthma (IVW OR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.05−1.12, p < 0.001). Conclusions We confirmed the causal effects of daily cigarette consumption, AR, asthma, and BMI on CRS, and the causal effect of CRS on asthma, while no causal relationship between age of smoking initiation, weekly alcohol consumption, and CRS was found. These findings are expected to provide high-quality causal evidence for clinical practice and the pathogenesis of CRS and asthma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00405-022-07798-6.
Objectives: Sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP) is one of the most common benign tumors of the nasal cavity and sinuses and is at risk for recurrence and malignant transformation. It is crucial to precisely predict SNIP before surgery to determine the optimal surgical technique and prevent SNIP recurrence. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) features and SNIP clinical characteristics and to develop and validate a clinically effective nomogram. Methods: Here, 267 patients with SNIP and 273 with unilateral chronic rhinosinusitis with/without nasal polyps were included. Patient’s demographic and clinical characteristics (i.e., gender, age, nasal symptoms, history of sinus surgery, smoking, and alcohol dependence) and CT features (i.e., lobulated/wavy edge, air sign, focal hyperostosis, diffuse hyperostosis, focal osseous erosion, and CT values) were recorded. Independent risk factors were screened using logistic regression analysis. A nomogram model was developed and validated. Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that age, facial pain/headache, history of sinus surgery, lobulated/wavy edge, air sign, focal hyperostosis, focal osseous erosion, and CT values were independent predictors of SNIP. A nomogram comprising these 8 independent risk factors was established. The area under the curve (AUC) for the training set was .960 (95% CI, .942–.978) and the AUC for the validation set was .951 (95% CI, .929–.971). Conclusion: The obtained results suggested that the nomogram based on age, facial pain/headache symptoms, history of sinus surgery, and CT characteristics had an excellent diagnostic value for SNIP.
<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Observational studies have reported that allergic rhinitis (AR) was associated with chronic lower respiratory diseases (CLRDs) and lung function; however, their causal effects remain elusive. Therefore, to investigate the causal effects of AR on CLRDs and lung function, we conducted the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The data for AR, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio were obtained from genome-wide association studies, which were large sample studies on people of European ancestry. In this study, single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with AR were considered instrumental variables. We employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method with random effects to evaluate causal effects, and the weighted median and MR-Egger methods were used for sensitivity analyses. Significant causal associations were attempted for replication and meta-analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In the discovery stage, we found that AR exhibited a significant causal effect on asthma (IVW, odds ratio [OR] = 16.91, 95% CI, 8.03–35.65, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and a suggestive effect on FEV1/FVC ratio (IVW, OR = 0.82, 95% CI, 0.68–0.99, <i>p</i> = 0.039). No causal effect of AR was observed on COPD, bronchiectasis, and IPF. In the replication stage, the causal effect of AR on asthma was replicated (IVW, OR = 11.57, 95% CI, 4.90–27.37, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The meta-analysis demonstrated that the combined OR of AR on asthma was 14.37 (IVW, 95% CI, 8.18–25.24, <i>p</i> < 0.001). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> We demonstrated and measured the causal effects of AR on asthma (OR = 14.37) and FEV1/FVC ratio (OR = 0.82), while there was no evidence to support a causal effect of AR on COPD, bronchiectasis, and IPF. These results suggest that AR tends to have a causal effect on lower airway disease of similar inflammatory types and can provide high-quality causal evidence for clinical practice as well as the pathogenesis and prevention of AR and asthma.
Key points Respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH) is easily confused with nasal polyps (NP). The typical manifestation of REAH on CT is the enlargement of bilateral olfactory clefts (OCs). The widening of the OCs in the CT scan is a biomarker for diagnosing REAH associated with NP.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.