Alternative
to the traditionally independent production of lipase,
chemical synthesis of nano-carriers, and then preparing nanoimmobilized
enzymes, we exploit a yeast genetically programmed virus biomimetic
lipase nanoreactor in a sustainable manner. The nanoreactor biogenesis
process integrated lipase production, protein component (coat-protein
subunit and scaffold protein) production, self-assembly of protein
components, and the encapsulation of lipase into protein nanocages
using a simple process. It included overexpression of nanocage components,
coat-protein subunits, and fused lipase–scaffold proteins and
subsequent spontaneous self-assembly and encapsulation based on the
specific interaction between the coat-protein subunit and the scaffold
protein fused in the target lipase enzyme. The genetically programmable
lipase nanoreactor showed improved stability under various harsh conditions,
and was validated in fatty acid methyl ester synthesis with 86% yield
at a high concentration of waste cooking oil (200 mM), which demonstrates
the robustness and feasibility of the lipase nanoreactor in biodiesel
production.
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