Adjuvant chemotherapy may cause alterations in serum lipids in postoperative breast cancer (BC) patients, but the specific alterations caused by different chemotherapy regimens remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of serum lipids pre- and post-chemotherapy and to compare the side effects of different chemotherapy regimens on serum lipid.
We retrospectively analysed the lipid profiles of 1934 consecutive postoperative BC patients who received one of the following chemotherapy regimens:
doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel (AC-T);
epirubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel (EC-T);
cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel (TC); and
fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, and epirubicin (FEC).
The levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterols (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were significantly elevated in patients who received chemotherapy regimens above (
P
< .001). With respect to different chemotherapy regimens, FEC had less side effects on lipid profiles (TG (
P
=
.006), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) (
P
< .001), and LDL-C (
P
< .001)) than TC regimen and AC-T and EC-T regimen. Also, the incidence of newly diagnosed dyslipidemia after chemotherapy was lower in FEC group than TC group and AC-T and EC-T group (
P
< .001). Additionally, the magnitude of the alterations in lipid profiles (TG, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C) was greater in premenopausal patients than that of the postmenopausal patients (
P
=
.004;
P
< .001;
P
=
.002;
P
=
.003, respectively). Moreover, after adjusting for multiple baseline covariates, anthracycline-plus-taxane-based regimens (AC-T and EC-T) were still statistically associated with a high level of TG (
P
=
.004) and a low level of HDL-C (
P
=
.033) after chemotherapy compared with FEC regimen. Also, body mass index (BMI) > 24 was associated with abnormal lipid profiles (TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C) post-chemotherapy compared with BMI ≤ 24 (
P
< .001;
P
=
.036;
P
=
.012;
P
=
.048, respectively).
BC patients receiving chemotherapy may have elevated lipid profiles, and anthracycline-based regimen had less side effects on lipid profiles compared with regimens containing taxane. Therefore, it is necessary to take lipid metabolism into consideration when making chemotherapy decisions and dyslipidemia prevention and corresponding interventions are indispensable during the whole chemotherapy period.
Live commerce is a phenomenally innovative form of social commerce in China. In this paper, the authors aim to explore the authenticity of live commerce. By employing a qualitative approach using in-depth interviews and grounded theory, 21 initial categories are classified into six core categories. Among them, authenticity-associated concepts are classified into explicit concepts and implicit concepts. Explicit concepts of authenticity are associated with objectively authentic cues, while implicit concepts of authenticity are associated with subjectively authentic experiences. Moreover, the study explores the relationship between explicit concepts of authenticity and product commitment, as well as the relationship between implicit concepts of authenticity and affective commitment. Both of these paths are found to influence consumers' shopping-related behaviors. Although consumers can more easily perceive explicitly authentic cues than implicitly authentic experiences, this study suggests that the latter may be more effective in inducing shopping behaviors. In addition, the effect of streamer attractiveness on opinion leader building is addressed, while authenticity is found to be an alternative approach to attract consumers both for attractive and nonattractive streamers. Finally, the study addresses theoretical implications and practical implications as well as suggestions for future research.
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