Background The aim of this study was to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in hypertensive males. Material/Methods Altogether, 14 866 male hypertensive participants were included in the analysis. Participants were divided into 3 groups: low BMI group (BMI <24 kg/m 2 ), moderate BMI group (24 kg/m 2 ≤BMI <28 kg/m 2 ), and high BMI group (BMI ≥28 kg/m 2 ). According to baPWV values, arteriosclerosis (AS) was set as 3 degrees: mild AS (baPWV ≥1400 cm/s), moderate AS (baPWV ≥1700 cm/s) and severe AS (baPWV ≥2000 cm/s). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the effect of different BMI groups on different degrees of AS. The multivariate linear regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between BMI and baPWV. Results Among low BMI, moderate BMI, and high BMI groups, the average baPWV values were 1824±401 cm/s, 1758±363 cm/s, and 1686±341 cm/s, respectively. Prevalence in the mild, moderate and high BMI groups were 91.0%, 87.8%, 81.5%, respectively for mild AS; 55.3%, 48.8%, and 40.0% respectively for moderate AS; and 25.9%, 20.2%, and 14.9% respectively for severe AS. Compared to the low BMI group, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) in the moderate BMI group and the high BMI were 0.71 (95%Cl, 0.62–0.80), 0.43 (95%Cl, 0.38–0.50) for mild AS; and similar trends were shown for moderate AS and severe AS. Based on age-stratification, a negative relationship remained for 35–55 years old participants for different degrees of AS among the moderate BMI group and the high BMI group. A negative relationship was detected between BMI and baPWV in total and different age-stages. Conclusions Among male hypertension participants in this study, there was a negative relationship between BMI and baPWV. High BMI was found to be a protective factor for AS especially in the age range of 35–55 years.
Aims/Introduction A higher ratio of triglyceride to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL‐C) is considered as the independent risk index of cardiovascular (CV) events. However, cohort studies regarding this correlation are rarely reported, especially in the Chinese population. The aim of present study was to explore the relationship of the TG/HDL‐C ratio with CV risks among Chinese adults during 10‐year follow‐up period. Materials and Methods We carried out a prospective study using data obtained from 96,542 individuals in Kailuan, who were grouped through the median value (0.8533) of the TG/HDL‐C ratio. Adverse outcomes mainly referred to major CV events. We used the person‐years incidence and cumulative incidence to predict the morbidity. The risk of CV events was estimated through Cox proportional hazard models. Results The mean age of the cohort was 51.5 ± 12.6 years, and 79.6% of participants were men. During a median follow‐up period of 9.75 years, 5,422 major CV events occurred, including 1,312 myocardial infarction cases and 4,228 stroke cases. The cumulative incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke and total CV events was 1.36% (range 1.29–1.43%), 4.38% (range 4.25–4.51%) and 5.62% (range 5.47–5.76%), respectively. Compared with low the TG/HDL‐C ratio (≤0.8533) group, the high TG/HDL‐C ratio (>0.8533) group had higher morbidity of CV events. The hazard ratio of total CV events, stroke and myocardial infarction was 1.19 (95% CI 1.12–1.26), 1.11 (95% CI 1.03–1.18) and 1.50 (95% CI 1.33–1.70), respectively. Furthermore, the TG/HDL‐C ratio and major CV events had a line‐shaped relationship with each other. Conclusions Among the Chinese population, a higher TG/HDL‐C ratio is correlated with an increased risk of major CV events.
Aims/Introduction The prevalence of prediabetes has become a global epidemic, and prediabetes is often accompanied with metabolic syndrome ( MS ). However, the association between MS and cardiovascular ( CV ) risk among individuals with prediabetes in China remains unknown. The present study aimed to identify the relationship of MS with CV risk in Chinese adults with prediabetes. Materials and Methods Altogether, 19,464 participants with prediabetes were enrolled at baseline and were followed up prospectively. Prediabetes is defined as a fasting plasma glucose level between 5.6 and 6.9 mmol/L, and with neither a history of diabetes nor current use of hypoglycemic drugs. Participants were classified on the basis of the presence of MS , according to the definition of the International Diabetes Federation. Main outcomes include major CV events. Incidence rates were expressed in cumulative incidence and person‐years incidence. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to estimate the risk of major CV events. Results At baseline, the mean age was 51.9 ± 11.4 years, and 85.6% ( n = 16,663) were men. During a median follow‐up period of 10.0 years, a total of 1,169 major CV events occurred, including 921 strokes and 273 cases of myocardial infarction. The cumulative incidences were 9.0% (8.1–10.0%), 6.8% (6.0–7.6%) and 2.5% (2.0–3.0%) for total CV events, strokes and myocardial infarction . Regardless of the risk of total CV events, or the risk of stroke or myocardial infarction, the number of prediabetes individuals with MS was higher than those without, and the hazard ratio was 1.50 (95% confidence interval 1.31–1.73), 1.42 (95% confidence interval 1.21–1.67), 1.78 (95% confidence interval 1.34–2.36), respectively. Conclusions Among the Chinese population with prediabetes, the risk for major CV events was significantly higher in those with MS than those without.
ObjectiveThis study was performed to explore the effects of visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (BPV) on cardiovascular events (CVEs) in people with various body mass indexes (BMIs).DesignProspective cohort study.SettingThe average real variability of systolic blood pressure (ARVSBP) was the indicator for visit-to-visit BPV. The participants were divided into three groups: normal weight, overweight and obesity. We further divided these groups into four subgroups based on the ARVSBP. A Cox regression model was used to calculate the HRs of the ARVSBP on CVEs in the same and different BMI groups. Additionally, a competitive risk model was used to calculate the HRs of the ARVSBP on CVEs in the same BMI group.ParticipantsIn total, 41 043 individuals met the inclusion criteria (no historical CVEs or tumours, no incidence of CVEs or tumours and no death during the four examinations) and had complete systolic blood pressure and BMI data.ResultsA total of 868 CVEs occurred. The cumulative incidence of CVEs increased as ARVSBP rose in both the normal weight and overweight groups. In same BMI groups, the risk of CVEs significantly increased as ARVSBP increased only in the normal weight group (highest quartiles of ARVSBP: HR (95% CI) 2.20 (1.46–3.31)). In the different BMI groups, the risk of CVEs in the ARVSBP subgroup in each BMI group was higher than that the least quintile of ARVSBP in the normal weight group (highest quartiles of ARVSBP in obesity: HR (95% CI) 2.28 (1.47–3.55)). The result of the competitive risk model did not change.ConclusionsAs BMI and ARVSBP increase, the risk of CVEs increases. However, the risk of visit-to-visit BPV on CVEs varies in different BMI groups, especially in people of normal weight.Trial registration numberCHiCTR-TNC1100 1489.
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