What is already known about this topic?
Both alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and cystic echinococcosis are endemic in China, among which alveolar echinococcosis has a very high mortality rate.
What is added by this report?
The survey results showed the prevalence and scope of AE in China and identified high-risk groups including children, monks, herdsmen and illiterate people. At the same time, all the cases found in the survey (more than 90% of the patients did not go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment before survey) were promptly diagnosed and treated.
What are the implications for public health practice?
This study provides information for the development of a plan for AE prevention and control and for the implementation of interventions targeted to high-risk populations.
Many phytopathogenic fungi cause severe damage to crop yields. In continuation of our research aimed at the discovery and development of natural products-based fungicides, a series of thirty-one sarisan attached 3phenylisoxazolines were synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal activities against five phytopathogenic fungi (B. cinerea, C. lagenarium, A. solani, F. solani, and F. graminearum). Among all title sarisan derivatives, compounds IV2, IV14 and IV23 showed potent antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic fungi. In particular, compound IV2 exhibited a broad-spectrum and more potent antifungal activity against A. solani, F. solani, and F. graminearum than the commercial fungicide Hymexazol. In addition, compounds IV2, IV14 and IV23 also displayed relative low toxicity on normal NRK-52E cells. This work will give some insights into the development of sarisan derivatives as new fungicide candidates in plant protection.
Sensitive and accurate detection of tumor markers is significant for early diagnosis and cancer treatment, but it remains challenging. A promising solution is to integrate different detection strategies into the same sensing platform. Herein, a BiOBr 0.8 I 0.2 /CoS x nanocomposite with high photoelectrochemical (PEC) and electrochemical (EC) activity is prepared by a hydrothermal method and afterward in situ visible light irradiation. The light irradiation makes BiOBr 0.8 I 0.2 /CoS turn into BiOBr 0.8 I 0.2 /CoS x (x = 1−2), and the photocurrent thus increases by 5 times. Compared with the BiOBr 0.8 I 0.2 , the photocurrent of the composite increased by 74 times due to the formation of a heterojunction and the enhanced sensitization of CoS x . Furthermore, the nanocomposite can exhibit a high cathodic signal. Therefore, it is used to construct a PEC and EC dual-mode sensing platform for the detection of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), by combining with the aptamer of HER2. Due to the steric hindrance of HER2, the PEC and EC signals change with HER2 concentration. Under the optimized conditions, the sensing platform shows quite low detection limits (0.31 and 1.06 pg/mL) and large linear ranges (0.001−10 and 0.005−15 ng/mL, for PEC and EC mode, respectively). It also demonstrates high selectivity, excellent stability, and good applicability. The sensing platform can also be applied to detect other markers by replacing the recognition element.
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