Exploring efficient metal-free electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) plays a significant role in a variety of storage technologies and renewable energy conversion. In this work, we firstly compounded a...
Development of high-efficiency oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts under neutral conditions has made little research progress. In this work, we synthesized a three-dimensional porous N/P codoped carbon nanosheet composites (CNP@PNS) by high-temperature thermal treatment of dicyandiamide, starch, and triphenylphosphine and subsequent porous structure-making treatment using the NaCl molten salt template. In the neutral solution, the electrocatalytic performance of the CNP@PNS-4 catalyst exhibits an onset potential of 0.98 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode) and a half-wave potential of 0.91 V for ORR, which greatly surpasses commercial Pt/C (40%). Three kinds of neutral metal−air batteries (Zn−air, Al−air, and Fe−air) using the prepared samples as cathodic catalysts were constructed, corresponding to the maximum power density of 120.2, 78.3, and 18.9 mW•cm −2 , respectively. Also, they reveal outstanding discharge stability under different current densities. The density functional theory calculation depicts the reduction of the free energy of the determining step and subsequent decline of the overpotential for ORR.
Using the data samples collected at and around the center-of-mass energies of 3.097 GeV and 3.773 GeV with the BES-II detector at the BEPC collider, we select the pure particle samples of muon, electron, kaon and pion, and their mutual (mis)identification rates are also obtained.
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