Abstract:In the cooling water system, excessive use of organic phosphate scale inhibitors is harmful to environment. Reducing the dosage of the organic phosphate scale inhibitor is important. A self-made jacketed crystallizer was used in this experiment. The critical pH values have been determined in cooling water systems with series of Ca 2+ concentrations by adding different concentration of the scale inhibitor ATMP (Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid) according to the calcium carbonate Metastable zone theory. A model equation at 45 o C and pH=9 was proposed to estimate the lowest dose of the scale inhibitor ATMP. The measured pH value was approximate to the expected pH value in two cooling water systems through verification test.
2014): Molecular simulations and critical pH studies for the interactions between 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid and calcite surfaces in circular cooling water systems, Desalination and Water Treatment,The adsorption of 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTC) on calcite surfaces (1 1 0), (1 0 2), (1 0 4), (1 1 3), (2 0 2) was studied by molecular simulation. The phosphoric acid and carboxylic acid functional groups energetically interacted with the faces and preferentially occupied the carbonate ion sites by chemisorption, which is in agreement with the critical pH experiments. The strength of adsorption followed the order of (1 1 0) > (1 1 3) > (1 0 2) > (2 0 2) > (1 0 4). The binding energy gradually decreased with increasing temperature. The relationship between the critical pH and the adsorbed PBTC 2− configuration indicates that the adsorbed inhibitor configuration plays an important role in inhibitor efficiency.
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