Background: Chylothorax is a rare disease, defined as an abnormal accumulation of chylous lymphatic effusion in thoracic cavity, with a high mortality rate in pediatric patients. At present, there are few studies on the treatment of pediatric chylothorax, and conservative treatments like somatostatin (SST) and pleurodesis are performed empirically. SST has been used for treating pediatric chylothorax over 20 years, and povidoneiodine chemical pleurodesis (PICP) is adopted in recent years with a high cure rate, but both the effect are still uncertain. The safety and efficacy of SST and PICP in treating pediatric chylothorax was compared in this study.
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