The principle of domestic seawater technology is to replace fresh water by seawater. This paper introduces the features and demonstration scale of domestic seawater technology. Considering the successful seawater toilet-flushing in Hong Kong, comparison and economic analysis on the cases of seawater, recycled water and tap water are done. The result shows domestic seawater technology is an economical and efficient water saving technology.
Muds and water samples collected from the Bohai Sea were selected to build seawater anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor. The reaction volume was 18 L. The startup of reactor was divided into two stages. The first stage lasted five months and hydraulic retention time was 18L/7 d. The second stage lasted a month and hydraulic retention time was 18L/14 d. Ammonia and nitrite of influent and effluent were monitored. During the first stage, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was around 50% and the nitrite nitrogen increased by 50%. During the second stage, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen reached more than 75% and the removal rate of nitrite nitrogen reached more than 90%. The removal ratio of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen was about 1:1.17. These results suggested reactor start-up successful. Microbial community in reactor was monitored by polymerase chain reaction. Once the reactor started, specific bands of anaerobic ammonia oxidation microorganisms were found.
This paper introduces new seawater flocculants. Ferric sulfate solution and polysilicic acid were mixed. After standing and curing, polymeric ferric silicate sulfate was obtained. The optimum preparation process was explored. When Fe/Si=10:20, curing pH in the range of 1.0 to 3.0, flocculants had best flocculating activity. The polymeric ferric silicate sulfate solution and 200 μg/L chitosan solution were mixed to make composite flocculants. Flocculating activity assessments were studied. When pH in the range of 6.0 to 10.0, temperature in the range of 10 °Cto 40 °C, flocculating activity could be stable. Total phosphorus (TP) and total organic carbon (TOC) removal rates of new flocculants were higher than 80% while algae and bacteria removal rates of new flocculants were all higher than 90%. These flocculants were multi-effect seawater flocculants.
Comparative analysis of limestone sludge in recycled water and desulfurization limestone is made in the chemical composition, reaction activity, crystallization properties and pH of Slurry. The results show that the limestone sludge in recycled water is possible to be used as a desulfurizer. Due to the large amount of impurities and lower reactivity of limestone sludge, the overall performance index values of limestone sludge are lower than that of desulphurization limestone. If it wants to be used as a desulfurizer, the further research on the using conditions of recycled water limestone sludge in desulfurization system and the possible impact of the reuse of desulfurization system on the stable operation of the system are needed.
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