Clinical efficacy of pulmonary surfactant combined with high-dose ambroxol hydrochloride in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) was investigated. One hundred child patients with NRDS in Linyi Central Hospital were collected according to the diagnostic criteria for RDS in the Pediatrics, and randomly divided into the treatment group (n=50) and the control group (n=50) based on different therapeutic methods. Patients in the control group were treated with basic treatment and high-dose ambroxol hydrochloride injection, while those in the treatment group were additionally administered with pulmonary surfactant Curosurf based on conventional therapy in the control group. The chest X-rays were collected before the treatment and at 12 h after the drug administration, the degree of respiratory distress in child patients was observed and evaluated via Silverman grading, and changes in blood gas indexes were recorded before treatment and at 2, 6 and 12 h after the drug administration. The chest X-ray grade, Silverman grade and blood gas analysis results had no differences between the two groups before the treatment (P>0.05). In the treatment group, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO
2
) and PH were increased and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO
2
) was decreased compared with those in the control group at 2, 6 and 12 h after the drug administration (P<0.05). At 12 h after the drug administration, chest X-ray grade and Silverman grade in both groups were improved, which were significantly superior in the treatment group to those in the control group (P<0.01). Moreover, the efficacy in the treatment group was remarkably better than that in the control group at 12 h after drug administration (P<0.01). Pulmonary surfactant combined with high-dose ambroxol hydrochloride has definite efficacy in the treatment of NRDS, which can significantly improve the pulmonary infection, respiratory distress and blood gas indexes of child patients.
Building information modelling (BIM) is considered to be significant for organisational communication in construction projects. However, the role of BIM has not been fully shown in practice. To this end, this study examined the impact of BIM on communication network from inter- and intra- organisational relationships in the construction project. First, the structures of the communication networks before and after the use of BIM in a project in China were determined based on the social capital perspective. Then, the social network analysis was adopted to measure the changes in network metrics (i.e., number of ties, density, centrality, centralisation, and clique). Results shows that the connections among nodes are denser, and all the values of the network centralisation decrease after BIM application compared with the situation before BIM use. Nevertheless, results also shows that some construction project participants, who originally have interaction and communication needs, remain unable to establish effective connections among one another even after BIM use. Accordingly, some suggestions were proposed to solve the issues and deficiencies. This research contributes to (a) the state of knowledge by proposing social capital perspective that can identify inter- and intra-organizational relationships of the construction project from social interaction and common cognition to build communication network, and (b) the state of practice by identifying conditions and proposing strategies for strengthening organisational communication and collaboration in BIM-enabled network relationships.
Based on the "Game Theory", the author applies the theory model of "Prisoner's Dilemmas" into the area of sports, so as to demonstrate the objective reality of collective action dilemma in sports field. Through the application of the "Hobbes Program", "Social Capital Program", "Reasonable supervision program", "Comprehensive Managing System Program" into practical situation, the author searches for some effective ways to solve the collective action dilemmas. Conclusion: Any way of solving community movement dilemma is not an isolated exitence. In order to maintain the agreed order of cooperation in community movement in the long run, it is very necessary to transform the obedience to the externtal force into the heartfelt obedience to the internal world, meanwhile requires the individual performance and self-restraint.
Keywords-the sports field; plight among collective activity; social capital
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