Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a family of α-1,4-linked cyclic oligosaccharides that possess a hydrophobic cavity and a hydrophilic outer surface with abundant hydroxyl groups. This unique structural characteristic allows CDs to form inclusion complexes with various guest molecules and to functionalize with different substituents for the construction of novel sophisticated systems, ranging from derivatives to polymers, metal-organic frameworks, hydrogels, and other supramolecular assemblies. The excellent biocompatibility, selective recognition ability, and unique bioactive properties also make these CD-based functional systems especially attractive for biomedical applications. In this review, we highlight the characteristics and advantages of CDs as a starting point to design different functional materials and summarize the recent advances in the use of these materials for bioseparation, enzymatic catalysis, biochemical sensing, biomedical diagnosis and therapy.
As a golden partner of recombinase
polymerase amplification (RPA),
CRISPR/Cas12a has been proven to solve the false-positive problem
caused by nonspecific amplification perfectly; meanwhile, its trans-cleave activity has further enhanced the sensitivity.
However, the solution transfer operation after tube cap opening greatly
increases the risk of aerosol contamination of amplicon, which is
inconsistent with point-of-care (POC) diagnostics requirements. This
study proposes a photoactivated CRISPR/Cas12a strategy to achieve
one-pot high-sensitivity nucleic acid detection. Using photocleavable
complementary ssDNA to block crRNA, RPA amplification can smoothly
pass through the exponential interval without being affected by activated
Cas12a in the critical early stage. After enough amplicons were produced,
the Cas12a test was activated by short bursts of ultraviolet radiation
at 365 nm. This one-pot method achieved a sensitivity of 2.5 copies
within 40 min. This simple and sensitive one-pot method can effectively
avoid amplicon contamination and lower the threshold for molecular
diagnostics in POC.
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