Nonradical-based advanced oxidation processes for pollutant removal have attracted much attention due to their inherent advantages. Herein we report that magnesium oxides (MgO) in CuOMgO/Fe3O4 not only enhanced the catalytic properties but also switched the free radical peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-activated process into the 1O2 based nonradical process. CuOMgO/Fe3O4 catalyst exhibited consistent performance in a wide pH range from 5.0 to 10.0, and the degradation kinetics were not inhibited by the common free radical scavengers, anions, or natural organic matter. Quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSARs) revealed the relationship between the degradation rate constant of 14 substituted phenols and their conventional descriptor variables (i.e., Hammett constants σ, σ–, σ+), half-wave oxidation potential (E 1/2), and pK a values. QSARs together with the kinetic isotopic effect (KIE) recognized the electron transfer as the dominant oxidation process. Characterizations and DFT calculation indicated that the incorporated MgO alters the copper sites to highly oxidized metal centers, offering a more suitable platform for PMS to generate metastable copper intermediates. These highly oxidized metals centers of copper played the key role in producing O2 •– after accepting an electron from another PMS molecule, and finally 1O2 as sole reactive species was generated from the direct oxidation of O2 •– through thermodynamically feasible reactions.

The ultimate objective of chemical conversion is to achieve 100% selectivity considering catalysis, which is also a prodigious challenge for the conversion of light paraffins to olefins all because it involves controlled activation of the highly stable aliphatic C–H bonds. Here we show that metal-free boron nitride (BN) nanosheets not only enable oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to exclusively ethylene at near 10% conversion, but also deliver a remarkable 60% selectivity at an ethane conversion of 78% and remain stable over 400 hours at 575 °C. Our operando infrared spectroscopy and ¹⁸O isotope tracer study explicitly demonstrate that the active sites of B-O(H) are formed at the edges of BN via the aid of ethane and the dehydrogenation circle can be completed by the assistant of O₂ over B-O sites

Multiple studies have reported that individuals with low birth weights (LBW, <2500 g) have a lower intelligence quotient (IQ) than those with normal birth weights (NBW, ≥2500 g). Based on 57 eligible individual studies including 12,137 participants, we performed a meta-analysis to estimate the association between low birth weight and individuals’ IQ scores (IQs). The pooled weight mean difference (WMD) in IQs between NBW and LBW individuals was 10 (95% CI 9.26–11.68). The WMD was stable regardless of age. No publication bias was detected. The mean IQs of the extremely low birth weight (ELBW, <1000 g), very low birth weight (VLBW, 1000–1499 g), moderately low birth weight (MLBW, 1500–2499 g) and NBW individuals were 91, 94, 99 and 104, respectively. Additionally, the WMD in IQs with NBW were 14, 10 and 7 for ELBW, VLBW, and MLBW individuals, respectively. Two studies permitted estimates of the influence of social determinants of health to the discrepancy in IQs, which was 13%. Since IQ is inherited and influenced by environmental factors, parental IQs and other factors contribute to residual confounding of the results. As the conclusion was based on population studies, it may not be applicable to a single individual.

Hightlights The integrated management of HCWs in Wuhan was investigated and analyzed. The scope of HCWs was extended to reduce the transmitting risk of COVID-19. Stationary and co-processing facilities were preferential for HCWs disposal in Wuhan. The practices on HCWs are suggestive for other densely populated metropolises.

Increasing evidence suggests that abnormal synaptic function leads to neuronal developmental disorders and is an important component of the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Neurexins are presynaptic cell-adhesion molecules that affect the function of synapses and mediate the conduction of nerve signals. Thus, neurexins are attractive candidate genes for autism. Since gene families have greater power to reveal genetic association than single genes, we designed this case-control study to investigate six genetic variants in three neurexin genes (NRXN1, NRXN2, and NRXN3) in a Chinese population including 529 ASD patients and 1,923 healthy controls. We found that two SNPs were significantly associated with ASD after false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment for multiple comparisons. The NRXN2 rs12273892 polymorphism T allele and AT genotype were significantly associated with increased risk of ASD (respectively: OR 5 1.328, 95% CI 5 1.133-1.557, P < 0.001; OR 5 1.528; 95% CI 5 1.249-1.868, P < 0.001). The dominant model showed the same association (OR 5 1.495, 95% CI 5 1.231-1.816, P < 0.001). The NRXN3 rs12879016 polymorphism played a significant role in ASD susceptibility under the dominant model (OR 5 0.747, 95% CI5 0.615-0.908, P 5 0.023), with the same trend detected for the G allele and GT genotype (respectively: OR 5 0.811, 95% CI 5 0.699-0.941, P 5 0.036; OR 5 0.755, 95% CI 5 0.615-0.928, P 5 0.035). In conclusion, this study supports the importance of two genetic variants in the neurexin gene family in ASD susceptibility in China. Autism Res 2018, 11: 37-43. V C 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is highly heritable, and studies have found a number of candidate genes that might contribute to ASD. Neurexins are presynaptic cell-adhesion molecules that affect the function of synapses and mediate the conduction of nerve signals, and they play an important role in normal brain development and become candidate genes for autism. The purpose of our study is to explore the association between variants of the neurexins gene family and ASD in a Chinese population through a case-control study.