By integrating imaging and drug-delivery in a single system, fluorescent nano-multifunctional imaging platforms can offer simultaneous diagnosis and therapy to diseases like cancer. However, the synthesis of such system involves a tedious, time-consuming, and multi-step process. Herein we report a facile method based on simple ultrasonication to synthesize highly cross-linked, monodispersed fluorescent polyphosphazene nanoparticles from hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP) and dichlorofluorescein (FD). Various functional groups (folic acid, PEG-NH, and methylene blue) can be "fastened" in situ onto the poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-dichlorofluorescein) (PCTPDF) nanoparticles to expand its application as nano-multifunctional platform. All the nanoparticles were characterized spectrophotometrically, and morphology was established by the images obtained from scanning electron microscope (SEM). The synthesized multifunctional nanoparticles exhibited low toxicity and penetrated through the cytomembranes of human colon cancer (HCT 116) cells. When applied to in vivo tumor imaging using biologically engineered mouse model, methylene blue functionalized (PCTPDF@MB) nanoparticles exhibited excellent photodynamic activity and imaging ability. Thus, PCTPDF nanoplatform based on multi-functional fluorescent nanoparticles might offer an efficient solution to new age theranostics. Apart from diagnostics application, PCTPDF, as a nanoplatform, could also be utilized to achieve more comprehensive application in modern analytic chemistry. Graphical Abstract The table of contents.

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The basic liquid–liquid equilibrium data of two systems {water + 2-propanol (IPA) + 1-octanol/n-propyl acetate} were measured. The distribution coefficients of the 2-propanol and the separation factors of the systems were calculated to analyze the extraction ability of the two extractants that extract IPA from water. The correlation model Hand equation was used to fit the data. The value of the linear correlation coefficient R 2 > 0.99 indicates that the linear fit of the experimental data is good. The theoretical models NRTL and UNIQUAC were used to correlate the measured data. The deviation between experimental data and simulated data was calculated by the root mean square deviation (RMSD). The RMSD < 0.01 means that the two models were suitable for the regression of the systems studied in this work. GUI-MATLAB has validated the binary interaction parameters. The basic data obtained from this work can support the separation of water and IPA.

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The liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) data of water + furfuryl alcohol + trichloromethane /methyl isopropyl ketone were determined at 303.2, 313.2, and 323.2 K under 101.3 kPa. The distribution coefficient (D) and separation factor (S) were evaluated for the separation effect of solvents. The nonrandom two-liquid and universal quasichemical models were used to correlate the experimental LLE data and obtain the binary interaction parameters. Meanwhile, the root mean square deviations and absolute average deviation of the two models did not exceed 0.0094 and 0.0066, respectively, which shows that the experimental LLE data can be accurately correlated through the two models. GUI-MATLAB was used to verify the consistency between the LLE data and the calculated binary interaction parameters. σ-Profiles were used to analyze the interaction between the molecules of each substance, further confirming the accuracy of the experimental results.