BackgroundMagnetic induction tomography (MIT) is a tomographic imaging technique, which has potential applications in security, industry, and medicine. Typically, sensors form a closed structure around the object. However, the measurement cannot be achieved using a closed sensor array in the process of severe brain trauma nursing and the neurosurgery operation.ResultsThe new sector sensor array magnetic induction tomography (SMIT) system is developed to realize real-time monitoring in the treatment of the brain. The functions of the drive coil and the sensor coil are separated in this system. The detection sensitivity of the imaging region boundary is analyzed through simulation. The sensor array locates on the high detection-sensitivity area, and the low sensitivity detection area is reserved for operation and clinical equipment. The sensor array received the energy of the signal accounts for reach 90% of the total energy. The integrity measuring data are obtained using a rotating scan in the system. In the experiment, we analyze the effects that system parameters have on the quality of imaging, for example, the scan step size, the number of sensors, the coverage angle of the sensor array and the scan angle. The experiment result provides a reference for the SMIT system design under a particular condition. In the complete measurement, the SMIT system reconstructs the images of center goal and margin goal, and the actual images have high peak signal-to-noise ratio.ConclusionsThe SMIT system can rebuild the conductivity distribution of the imaging region using incomplete space. In rotation measurement, the system provides a working place for clinical care. The flexible design of the system based on the experiment result makes the different treatment for brain injury own matched SMIT equipment.
Background: Joint effusion is a significant cause of disability worldwide. Practical assessment and diagnosis can avoid the secondary damage caused by the effusion. Nowadays, bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) is an emerging tool to differentiate biological tissue characteristics between normal and illness conditions. Objective: This paper aims to verify the feasibility of the five-section BIS method in evaluating joint effusion in rats. Methods: The joint effusion usually locates near the articular cavity in the form of ion solution. The joint effusion will significantly change the low-frequency bioimpedance of limbs, which reflected in the change of extracellular water (ECW) impedance. The five-section impedance model is designed depending on the body structure of the rat, and the trunk and limbs are equivalent to five impedance area. According to the Cole model, the impedance values at direct current and infinite frequency are calculated by using curve fitting, and the impedance of extracellular and intracellular water (ICW) can be obtained. The impedance of limbs and soma can be calculated by solving the impedance model equations. The measurement results of healthy limbs are used to assess the sick degree of the effusion joint. In the experiment, the saline solution has been injected into the left lower limb joint as the joint effusion. Results: The low-frequency impedance has a significant increase after the knee injection. By comparing the impedance of healthy limbs and the effusion limb, the impedance change of the effusion limb is more significant than the healthy limb. The impedance relative change parameter K is used to evaluate the degree of effusion. Conclusion: The experiment results show that the sectional bioimpedance spectroscopy could evaluate joint effusion. The rat five-section model can provide a reference for the diagnose, and this method reduces the difficulty in the equipment popularization.
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