Purpose This study aims to develop a process model to facilitate enterprises’ co-creating value with consumers through social media. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the concepts of internet-based co-creation and collective action theory, this study outlines a five-stage model (Interact-Engage-Propose-Act-Realize, IEPAR) of utilizing social media to co-create with consumers, enriches the model through in-depth interviews with industry experts and briefly illustrates how it can be applied in practice using a service firm case. Findings This study clarifies the co-creation process in the social media environment. For each of the process’s five stages, the objectives to be accomplished by the social media operator and the means to complete the objectives are illustrated. Research limitations/implications This study illustrated the proposed model with a representative service firm. Future study may refine the model by gathering additional data from real implementations to improve its effectiveness in practice. Practical implications This study suggests how an enterprise can construct a consumer co-creation platform from a managerial perspective. The proposed model can serve as a reference that enterprises can implement to increase customer value through co-creation using social media. Originality/value Enterprises have begun to notice the power of serving as a platform for co-creating value with consumers. However, it is seldom related to literature. The proposed model of the co-creation process in the social media environment can supplement past research.

Targeting the serious poverty problem of the world, this study proposes a proactive strategy for enterprises to fulfill their corporate social responsibility (CSR). The study interprets the cause of poverty from the perspectives of human capital theory and labor market theory, and examines the business functions that can be deployed in helping the poor from an empowerment theory perspective. The study includes the development of a model for enterprises to help poverty reduction and illustrates how this model has been implemented using the case study method. The results show that from an individual perspective, corporations can enhance the working abilities of the poor by sharing technologies and resources and providing skills training and education. From a social/structural perspective, corporations can establish poverty reduction businesses to provide poor people with job opportunities, or introduce social network resources to assist poor people in starting a business.

The Enterprise Information Portal (EIP) provides access -a single point of personalized, on-line access -to business information and knowledge sources, and real-time access to core application and processes. EIP is defined as an ultimate window that presents e-business fruitful results. Our research focuses on investigating the relationship between organizational characteristics and whether EIP is adopted in the business operations and the relationship among the function application degree, implementation type, integration ability, and users of EIP and e-Business performances. The result of our study shows that: (1) Between those organizations have and those have not adopted EIP, there are significant differences in the maturity and familiarity of information technologies, and organizational size; (2) In the way of implementation EIP, the relationship among function application degree, implementation type, integration ability, and e-Business performance are also significantly influence; (3) The impact between function application degree of EIP and e-Business performance will be enhanced by high e-business degree; (4) The impact between implementation type of EIP and e-Business performance will be intervened by e-business degree; (5) The implementation time of EIP has no significant impact on the relationship between implementation EIP and e-Business performance.

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I n the past 10 years, under the common problems of unemployment of people with a higher education and the devaluation of diplomas, the concepts and practices of higher education governance have emerged and have gradually been embedded in university operations. Higher education in Taiwan faces the same problems as the rest of the world. Thus, guided by policies of the Taiwanese Ministry of Education (TMOE) and fuelled by the media, the education-job gap is becoming a discursive truth. With this background, the TMOE has invested numerous resources to establish an information system (IS) that attempts to guide the direction of university education using information technology. If the IS is poorly designed, the scope of its side effects and harm will be magnified by a massive number of IS users and the characteristics of procedure standardisation. We suggest another form of action -IS competition, in which more positive social changes can be created. Based on the analysis of the available data, the action of IS competition does have a positive impact on society. Keywords: disciplinary technology, information system, career and vocational helping systemsIn the past 10 years, under the common problems of the unemployment of people with a higher education and the devaluation of diplomas, concepts and practices of higher education governance have emerged, such as employability (Harvey, 2001), competence-based education (Frank et al., 2010), and higher education evaluation and accreditation (Kehm, 2010), and these concepts have gradually been embedded in university operations. Since information systems (ISs) can deal with complicated affairs, the information technology of higher education is included in this wave of higher education governance. With the progress of the wave, university professors are realising that the forms of curriculum outlines have become more and more complicated. There are increased options and charts in the forms of course outlines, academic and service activities, and learning portfolios. In addition, performance indices now include the number of interns, employment rate and tracking of graduates. Generally speaking, in the New Liberalism stream of thought, educational authorities tend to consider and regulate schools and students through competition in the global economic production system; and ISs have gradually become management tools to discipline schools and students within higher education governance. Administration, Fu-Jen Catholic University, 510 Chung Cheng Rd, Hsinchuang, Taipei County 24205 Taiwan ROC. E-mail: 051525@mail.fju.edu.tw According to Foucault (1982), a social governance system includes a legitimacy base that comes from the mutual production of power and knowledge and a variety of governance practices that are foundationally supported by this legitimacy. However, in the process of gaining a legitimacy base, a number of unreasonable governance practices may also be implanted. These irrational practices will not help solve the problem, and they may even cause more problem...