Abstract.[Purpose] The objective of this study was to compare the effect of underwater and overground treadmill walking, which affect gait pattern and muscle strength in people with hemiparesis following a stroke. [Subjects] Twenty chronic stroke patients were included in this study.[Methods] The subjects were randomly allocated to one of two groups, the underwater treadmill walking (UTW) and overground treadmill walking (OTW) groups. The amount of weight the subjects exerted on the foot on the affected side, as well as the joint angle values and muscle strengths on the affected side, were measured. Intervention was performed 4 times per week, and each session lasted 30 minutes. [Results] It was shown that the weight exerted on both the entire foot and hindfoot increased more in the UTW group than in the OTW group. However, the weight put on the forefoot was not found to increase for either group. In terms of the joint angle values, the angle between the hip and the knee showed a greater increase in the UTW group than in the OTW group. In contrast, the ankle joint angle did not show significant change in either of the groups. Muscle strength showed a similar increase in both groups. [Conclusion] These results suggest that after a stroke underwater treadmill walking has a more positive effect on gait pattern than overground treadmill walking.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of dynamic trunk exercises and isometric trunk exercises on gait in elderly people. [Subjects] This study randomly allocated 20 elderly people to an isometric trunk exercise group (n=10) and a dynamic trunk exercise group (n=10). The exercises were performed for 30 minutes three times a week for 12 weeks. Gait speed, stride length, cadence, and step width were measured at a normal pace using GAITRite. All groups were evaluated before and after 12 weeks. [Results] The isometric exercise group showed a significant change in gait velocity, cadence, and left and right step lengths. The dynamic trunk exercise group showed a significant change in gait velocity, cadence, left and right step lengths, left and right step times, and left and right stride lengths. Moreover, a comparison of the exercise effect between the two groups showed a significant difference in gait velocity. [Conclusion] The results of this study suggest that isometric trunk exercises and dynamic trunk exercises have a positive effect on gait function in elderly people. In particular, isometric trunk exercises are recommended to promote gait velocity.

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| Abstract | PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to research the effect of self-Stretching Exercise on musculoskeletal Symptom and job Stress for care helpers who work at geriatric hospital and come up to NIOSH standard. METHODS:The effect of self-Stretching Exercise was measured using 'musculoskeletal symptom survey table' and 'Job stress measurement scale for korean' from the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency(KOSHA) for 40 care helpers. The paired t-test and independent t-test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS:The pracitce of Self-Stretching Exercise was showed significant effect reducing the stress for care helper's total job Stress and inappropriate compensation, job instability, job requirement, relationship conflict, physical environment(p<.05), and significant difference for their total score, relationship conflict, structure and organization, physical environment, inappropriate compensation improvement on variations on †Corresponding Author : sparkler7@swc.ac.kr job stress in groups(p<.05). However, self-Stretching Exercis was showed no significant effect on physcial burden. CONCLUSION:The self-Stretching Exercise was the most effect way to reduce Musculoskeletal Symptom and job Stress for a care helpers through the guidance of physical therapist.

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