Follicular lymphoma is a characteristic clinicopathologic term of centrioles and centroblasts of germinal center B cell origin. Pediatric follicular lymphoma is a variant type of follicular lymphoma in children. Unlike follicular lymphoma, pediatric follicular lymphoma is an indolent lymphoma that rarely recurs and progresses to other organs, but has no clear diagnostic criteria. The authors report and review a case of pediatric follicular lymphoma diagnosed by tonsillectomy for recurrent tonsillitis.
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare and aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It was originally described to occur predominantly in oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients. However, some are known to be associated with other forms of immunosuppression or immunocompetent patients. We report an unusual case of PBL presenting in nasopharynx of an 85-year-old woman without HIV infection. Histopathologic examinations demonstrated a large cell lymphoma with plasmablastic differentiation. Considering morphology, positivity for CD138 and leukocyte common antigen, and focal high ki67 index, PBL was most consistent although Epstein-Barr virus encoded RNA was not detected. Positron emission tomography scan revealed hypermetabolic lesions in the nasopharynx and the right cervical lymph nodes. Marrow involvement was confirmed by biopsy of the iliac crest. According to the Ann Arbor staging system, she was diagnosed as stage IV. After endoscopic removal of the tumor, she completed six cycles of chemotherapy, but expired due to the disease progression.
A 38-year-old male came to outpatient clinic, presenting with a 1-month history of headache and right facial pain. There was no specific finding on nasal endoscopy. Paranasal sinuses computed tomography (PNS CT) showed unilateral soft tissue density on right maxillary sinus and ground glass opacity on right maxillary and zygomatic bone. And there was no finding suggestive of malignancy in the subsequent PNS magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We considered benign tumor such as fibrous dysplasia with maxillary sinusitis and performed the endoscopic sinus surgery combined with open surgery via Caldwell-Luc and subcillary approach. Histopathological diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. After six cycles of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone chemotherapy, he gained complete remission and found no recurrence until two years. We report a rare case of sinonasal lymphoma mimicking fibrous dysplasia with literature review.
Background and Objectives: Positive airway pressure (PAP) is the treatment of choice for patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Although PAP is effective in resolving upper airway collapse, a major challenge is maximizing compliance. The purpose of this study was to investigate discontinuing factors in OSA patients with PAP therapy for a long time under the National Health Insurance coverage. Materials and Methods: A total of 229 patients, who were prescribed PAP between July 2018 and July 2020 were recruited and reviewed retrospectively. They were allocated to continue or discontinue group according to duration of PAP usage after 90 days compliance assessment. The discontinuing factors of PAP therapy between two groups were compared. Results: Among 229 patients, 49 failed to PAP therapy during adaptation period. One hundred and eighty patients constituted the final study population and the total good compliance rate at 90 days was 78.6%. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed PAP compliance continues to decrease by 13 months and remains thereafter. PAP-related problem was the major discontinuing factor in less than 13 months and other medical diseases in more than 13 months. Even in the group of continuous use of PAP, patients with low compliance often complained of PAP-related problem. Conclusion: Patients discontinuing PAP therapy within 13 months often have PAP-related problems. Therefore, early identification and rapid troubleshooting of difficulties with PAP use after adaptation period may underlie the higher long-term compliance.
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