We aimed to investigate the association between the 5A/6A promoter polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) gene and in-stent restenosis (ISR) in a regional Chinese population. Methods: A total of 818 patients who underwent primary implantation of drug-eluting stents were enrolled and received a 6-month follow-up angiography and DNA genotyping of the 5A/6A polymorphism. Results: ISR was found in 36.9% of all patients (302 ISR vs. 516 no ISR). The genotype proportion of 6A6A was significantly increased in ISRs (74.2% ISR vs. 66.8% no ISR), whereas the allele frequency of 5A was significantly decreased in ISR patients (25.8%) compared with controls who did not undergo ISR (33.1%).
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