O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a dinâmica de determinadas variáveis de qualidade da água em função da vazão, em uma seção transversal do rio Catolé Grande próxima ao ponto de captação de água para abastecimento do município de Itapetinga-BA. Amostras de água foram coletadas por integração vertical, em diferentes meses, correspondente a diferentes vazões. Nessas amostras foram realizadas análises de potencial hidrogeniônico (pH), turbidez, sólidos totais dissolvidos, salinidade e fósforo total. A velocidade do fluxo foi medida com o auxílio do molinete e a vazão foi calculada pelo produto da velocidade pela área da seção. Os resultados apontaram que a salinidade, os sólidos totais dissolvidos e a turbidez apresentaram comportamentos semelhantes, aumentando linearmente com o incremento da vazão, enquanto o pH apresentou tendência contrária. As concentrações de fósforo apresentaram comportamento exponencial em função da vazão, sendo que os valores médios desta variável ultrapassaram os limites estipulados pela resolução CONAMA 357 para a pior classe de qualidade de água doce.
This study investigates the applicability of Satellite Precipitation Products (SPPs) in streamflow simulations performed in the Brazilian Cerrado biome, which is one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots. Local data from ground observations were used as a reference for evaluating the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) and Integrated Multi-Satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG). The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to simulate the streamflow in a subbasin of the Tocantins river basin. Statistical precision metrics showed that both SPPs presented a satisfactory performance for precipitation monitoring on a monthly scale, in which IMERG performed better than TMPA. The Nash–Sutcliff coefficient and Kling–Gupta efficiency obtained for both calibration and validation period were greater than 0.82 and 0.79, respectively, demonstrating that both SPPs were able to simulate the hydrological regime adequately. However, the bias indicated that the SPPs overestimated the observed streamflow. The r-factor and p-factor values showed that both TMPA and IMERG presented low uncertainty in streamflow simulations. SPPs offer a great alternative for monitoring the precipitation and hydrological studies in the Brazilian Cerrado biome, and presented better simulation results than rain gauges.
The understanding of the hydrological behavior of a region is important for the development of activities and socioeconomic enterprises and regional environmental management. Nevertheless, the hydrological monitoring network of a country sometimes does not represent the whole area or the historical series have flaws that must be filled. These problems are more serious in watersheds with greater relevance, as in the case of Rio das Mortes, which is part of the Rio Grande basin that has great hydroelectric potential. Thus,
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