Epiphytes are plants that grow mainly attached to trunks, branches of trees and shrubs. This research was conducted in the municipality of Aguazul, Casanare, Colombia, in order to evaluate conservation strategies through the transfer and recovery of vascular epiphytes. The selected population was 119 individuals. The variables were number of leaves, number of flowers, number of fruits, mortality rate, herbivory and associated entomofauna. The information collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics. As a result, it was found that the Bromeliaceae Family had the highest leaf development in the three monitorings. Bromeliaceae and Cactaceae Families did not present flowering and Orchidaceae presented low flowering. Fruiting had a similar behavior for these three families. Cactaceae Family did not present mortality, Orchidaceae recorded 2.02% and Bromeliaceae Family recorded 5.56% of mortality. As for herbivory, the orchid family filed a percentage of 0.06%; the Bromeliaceae Family reported 0.11%, while the cactus family did not record any kind. The entomofauna was found mainly in the Formicidae group for the three families, being the Cactaceae Family the one with a greater association, with 100%. According to the results, it is possible to move the vascular epiphytic species to new habitats, which makes it a viable alternative for revegetation of the affected area with conservation purposes.
El cáncer Colorrectal (CCR) ocupa la cuarta causa de muerte por cáncer en Estados Unidos de América y la quinta causa de muerte por cáncer en Colombia y de esta forma se convierte en un problema de salud pública. El 98 % de los cánceres Colorrectales son adenocarcinomas y el otro 2% corresponden a linfomas, carcinoides y tumores estromales gastrointestinales. Las manifestaciones clínicas se relacionan con el tamaño y la localización de la lesión, el 80% de los casos reportados de CCR no presentan un componente hereditario convirtiéndolos en CCR esporádicos. El CCR está asociado con la acumulación de mutaciones en genes supresores de tumores (p53, APC, SMAD, SCC, NM23), oncogenes (MYC y RAS) y genes reparadores del ADN (MSH1, MSH6 y MLH2) estas alteraciones genéticas hacen de este tipo de cáncer un desorden poligenético, convirtiéndolo en un modelo clásico para estudiar las bases genéticas del cáncer. Colorectal cancer took the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United Statesof America and the fifth leading cause of cancer death in Colombia and thus becomesa public health problem. 98% of colorectal cancers are adenocarcinomas and theother 2% are lymphomas, carcinoids, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors, the clinicalmanifestations are related to the size and location of the lesion, 80% of reported casesof CRC not present a hereditary component making them sporadic CRC. The CRC isassociated with the accumulation of mutations in tumor suppressor genes (p53, APC,SMAD, SCC, NM23), oncogenes (MYC and RAS) and DNA repair genes (MSH1, MSH6and MLH2) these genetic alterations make this type of cancer a polygenic disorder,making it a classic model for studying the genetic basis of cancer.
Protected natural areas have been considered the best alternative for preserving natural resources in their different forms. The Fuquene Lagoon is a habitat of more than one hundred species of native birds and a site of passage for migratory birds, species of fish, crustaceans endemic to the region, and diverse aquatic macrophytes, with at least sixty species reported. The declaration of protected areas is a way to achieve “in situ” conservation of the species and, in general, of the ecosystems of the national territory. Likewise, it is a way to contribute to mitigating climate change and guaranteeing its permanence. This study aimed to analyze the relevance of the figure of the protected area management chosen by the environmental authority of the Fuquene Lagoon to determine if the Regional District of Integrated Management contributes to conservation objectives of the protected areas and climate change. Finally, it is concluded that the declaration of the study area as a protected area can contribute to a strategy for compliance with the Sustainable Development Goals, specifically concerning i) climate action, ii) life of terrestrial ecosystems, and iii) sustainable communities through the change in the legal connotation of the national land policy, plans can be developed that faithfully pursue restoration and ecological recovery.
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