Communication skills development is one of the main goals of engineering education. We propose an integrated student-centered collaborative learning environment for developing communication skills, using project-based learning methods and peer assessment. In our learning environment, projects are assigned to small groups of students under teacher supervision, documented in a wiki-editing tool and presented during a public poster session. By combining wiki entries and poster presentations, we intend to facilitate students (1) to gain access to the project of their peers and share their results, (2) to analyze and comment critically the project of their peers and provide them with feedback, and (3) to enhance their writing and oral skills. Previous experiences encourage us to promote this integrated learning environment. Wiki environments allowed students to improve the quality of their projects and to develop a critical attitude towards their projects and the projects of their peers. The poster session was found to be more dynamic than traditional oral presentations. Students got engaged in a more open and critical manner with the project of their peers, and students presenting their project had the chance to improve the quality of their presentation on the fly, by presenting their work several times in the duration of the session. In future courses, we will implement a learning environment that combines both wikibased and poster session approaches. We expect that the implementation of both approaches will help to develop the communication skills of engineering students.
It has been previously documented that the main features and sensing performance of electrograms (EGMs) recorded in implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) depend on lead configuration. Although this dependence has been ascribed to differences in lead sensitivity and spatial resolution, the quantification of these two properties on ICD has not yet been attempted. In this paper, an operative framework to study the spatial resolution of ICD transvenous leads is presented. We propose to quantify the spatial resolution of ICD transvenous leads based on a new characterization called lead resolution volume (ResV). We analyzed the sensitivity distribution and the ResV of two unipolar (tip-can and coil-can ) and two bipolar (true or tip-ring and integrated or tip-coil) ICD transvenous lead configurations. A detailed 3-D model of the human thorax based on the visible human man dataset was used to compute the lead sensitivity and computer simulations of simple cardiac dynamics were used to quantify the ResV. Differences in the sensitivity distribution throughout the ventricular myocardium (VM) were observed for each lead configuration. In our computer model of the human thorax, the ResV was found to comprise 7%, 35%, 45%, and 70% of the VM for true bipolar, integrated bipolar, tip-can unipolar, and coil-can unipolar ICD leads, respectively. Furthermore, our analysis shows that the spatial resolution depends on both lead sensitivity and cardiac dynamics, and therefore, it can vary for different heart rhythms.
Background: The location of the myocardial infarction (MI) might modify the spectral characteristics of ventricular fibrillation (VF) in humans.Objective (PACE 2008; 31:660-665) myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation, spectral analysis, signal analysis, ICD, electrogram.
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