Producción y calidad de pepino (Cucumis sativus L.) bajo condiciones de invernadero usando dos sistemas de poda Production and quality of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under greenhouse conditions using two pruning systems
During growing season winter-spring 2008, experiments to measure and modeling of Evapotranspiration (ET) on several crops at the Yaqui Valley Mexico were carried out. One of these crops was banana chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L) under mulching and protected using an Agribon film. A correlation technique (EC) was used to measure ET. Results showed that Agribon film protected crops from low temperature, diseases, and pests, and strongly reduced ET. ET increased 57 % after the film was removed. High values of relative humidity persisted during this period. The maximum ET value measured was about 5.5 mm day -1 , while previous to harvest and during this, ET value was around 4.0 to 5.0 mm day -1 .The highest value for crop coefficient (K c ) was registered previous to harvest and was close to 1 and before harvest Kc was kept between 0.80 and 0.90.
The food needs by the human population is increasing; In that sense, having a new crop can contribute to ameliorate the demand for food. The zaya (Amoreuxia palmatifida DC.) has been used as food both before and after the arrival of the European settlers in several states of northwest Mexico and southwestern United States. Over a hundred years ago there are authors recommending the zaya as a native plant with potential to be cultivated, being one of the problems to overcome the difficulty of its seeds to germinate. The study objectives were to evaluate germination treatments of zaya seeds and measure plantula grow under two systems. It was found that seeds physically scarified by sanding were those that germinated (73%; p <0.0001), compared to treatments control, of soaking for 24 hours and addition, of boiling water, were does not germinate any seed. The results of zaya growth were greater (p <0.0001), for plants in open field under drip irrigation, compared to the plants planted in pots under shadehouse, for all variables evaluated. The results obtained in this work, about the germination and growing of zaya, can be used to multiply their propagules and restore natural populations affected in northwest of Mexico. It is necessary to continue research on agronomic aspects of the zaya cultivation, a plant with great potential for both human and animal feeding, ornamental, and possibly medicinal use.
As an alternative in search of new options to reduce overexploitation of groundwater that allow us to increase agricultural profitability in water scarce areas, the behavior of a commercial hydrophilic polymer based in polyacrylamide (PAM) Lluvia solida®, was analyzed by evaluating the polymer hydration capacity. The tests that we used showed that this polymer is capable of absorbing its own weight in 268 times when using distilled water. When salts are dissolved in the water, the polymer reduces its water absorbing capacity, the hydration capacity being lower as the salt content increases, with a water absorption reduction up to 116 times its weight. The polymer hydration capacity also decreases significantly when a complete nutritive solution is used, reducing water absorption up to 55 times its weight; in the presence of divalent (Ca2+ and Mg2+) and monovalent (K+ and NH4 +) cations the polymer hydration capacity reduces proportionally to the cation concentration as an exponential function. Urea did not have any effect in the polymer hydration, thus this fertilizer may be used along with the polymer. The use of this hydrophilic polymer is a tool that improves the water use efficiency but the effect depends on water quality, being reduced by the presence of salts in water.
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