The aim of this work was to determine the body composition profile of children and young roller skaters. 516 athletes (361 males and 155 females) between the ages of 5 and 21 years old, who belong to official clubs in Colombia and Venezuela, were evaluated longitudinally. The anthropometric variables were taken according to ISAK, using the Holtain© caliper for the skin folds (triceps, anterior thigh and medial leg) and the Sanny© tape for the perimeters (relaxed arm, medial thigh and leg). The treatment for the estimation of the percentage of body fat (%F) and muscle mass (%MM) was performed under the protocol of the GREC and processed by means of SPSS 24.0. The results point to the existence of significant differences (p<0.05) between sexes for %F and %MM. For the development of the profile the methodology of smoothed curves was used with the application of the software LMS Chart Maker© and to generate cut points for the percentiles 3, 10, 75, 90 and 97. It is concluded, that the classification for the proposed body composition, without trying to be a unique norm to establish the typification of the status of the body composition of a skater, allows to distinguish and to categorize with rigor and objecti-vity, the characteristics of the body composition of the skaters independently of the age and competitive level. This work is recommended as a starting point for future studies in larger populations with established probability sampling and ethnicity.
This primer represents a unique idea in educational materials. It is intended to provide students of speech and language pathology with "ONLY as much anatomy, physiology, and acoustics as is necessary to understand how the equipment functions to produce and understand speech." This difficult task is accomplished using limited technical terminology and a functional approach to anatomy, which conditions the reader to deduct the function of structures more than simply memorize names, origins, and insertions.The book is divided into three sections, "Speech Muscle Systems and Acoustics," "Neural Control and Auditory Systems," and ('Appendices." Each of the first two sections contains eight chapters organized sequentially to allow for a build-up of information from one chapter to the next. Each chapter includes a presentation and discussion, followed by a self-study section. The self-study section contains a glossary of terms used in the chapter, drawings to be colored or labeled, and "fill in the blanks" to questions. Although the self-study exercises are appropriate, the directions for some are tedious. The book is well-illustrated with simple blackand-white line drawings designed to offer a high degree of visibility of the more relevant structures. References are not provided in each chapter; instead, an appendix with a list of selected readings is provided. In addition, the appendix contains a list of recommended audiovisual materials, a dictionary of anatomic terms, a brief summary of embryologic development, and the answers to the the self-study exercises.Overall, the content and structure of this book is, for the most part, appropriate and informative; however, the authors have chosen to include an abundance of information in a single work. Consequently, some of the information presented is not the introductory or basic type of material expected in a primer, and it would be easier for the studeet to understand if it were presented in a more standardized format. With this minor LANGUAGE, AND HEARING-A PRIMER limitation in mind, it is felt that this text could best be utilized by students of speech pathology as a secondary text for laboratory sessions to reinforce material presented in formal lectures and conferences, and as an excellent guide for those wishing to review such information before examinations. The authors of this primer should be commended for their efforts.
Introducción: La aplicación de pruebas y técnicas estadísticas es necesaria para la comprobación de las hipótesis surgidas ante los objetivos de la producción científica en las áreas afines a la Actividad Física (AF) y el Deporte. Objetivo: del estudio fue determinar las estadísticas aplicadas para las tesis doctorales en ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte. Metodología: Se examinaron 44 trabajos de los repositorios públicos de tres universidades de habla hispana. Resultados: se observa un equilibrio en el uso de pruebas paramétricas y no paramétricas (38,6% y 40,9% respectivamente), el 20,5% restante aplicaron ambos tipos de pruebas. Para las pruebas paramétricast la t student (23,3%), ANOVA (23,3%) y la R de Pearson (12,3%) destacan como las de mayor uso. Las técnicas de las pruebas no paramétricas más aplicadas la U de Mann Whitney (18,6%), Wilcoxon (16,3%), Chi cuadrado (15,1%) y Alpha de Cronbach (10,5%). Conclusiones: Se observó que las técnicas estadísticas usadas se inclinan a la comparación de medidas y a establecer asociación o correlaciones. Estos hallazgos sugieren el estudio en profundidad de dichas técnicas estadísticas.
Introduction: The use of incremental exercise tests (IET) to evaluate the individual’s acute responses is an essential tool in Physical Activity Science. Objective: This paper aims to analyze the behavior between biochemical and physiological variables as aerobic-anaerobic transition indicators during two incremental exercise tests, which measure the maximum oxygen uptake in healthy subjects. Methodology: The sample consisted of two individuals, who were thirty-three and twenty-five years old, respectively. During the execution of the tests, the following materials and tools were used: a portable glucometer, a portable lactometer, reactive tapes, a treadmill, a stationary Cycle Ergometer Monark®, a heart rate monitor Polar®, a gas analyzer, software Breeze®, a computer, tools for recording data, and a pencil. Results: the high inverse correlation between the Glycemic index and VO2 (r: -0,853) and the Glycemic and CO2 (r: -0,851) are notable. Moreover, the detection of thresholds for each subject through blood lactate invasive and non-invasive methods, such as heart rate (HR), is also shown. Conclusion: A clear explanation of Respiratory Quotient (RQ) behavior is given during the Cycle-ergometer test, concluding that this type of protocol is safe for the group under study and that the validity of the results is in accordance with theoretical expectations.
En el fútbol la posibilidad de generar tiros estáticos con alta velocidad, puede determinar el resultado de un juego al disminuir la posibilidad de reacción del guardameta. La investigación se planteó analizar las características antropométricas con la velocidad del balón en el fútbol. Se evaluaron 17 futbolistas masculinos de la selección del estado Barinas categoría sub-20. (173,2 cm ±6,9 y 65 kg ±7,8). Las variables antropométricas se recolectaron según protocolo de ISAK, para la valoración de la proporcionalidad y la composición corporal se utilizó el método escalable, comparándose mediante un prototipo ontogénico deportivo; se aplicó una prueba de la velocidad pico del balón en el tiro estático sin intención de precisión utilizando un radar doopler para el registro de las velocidades. Los resultados muestran que existe una correlación significativa (<,05) directa para el índice Z de la altura ileoespinal, e inversa para el índice Z del panículo del muslo con respecto a la velocidad máxima del balón en el tiro estático, ambas correlaciones presentan un coeficiente de determinación de 24% y 25,8% respectivamente. No se hallaron correlaciones (>,05) para los índices Z de la altura tibial lateral, la longitud trocánter tibial lateral, ni para el área magra del muslo con la velocidad máxima del balón. De esta manera la menor acumulación de tejido adiposo y mayor altura del miembro inferior se consideran variables relacionadas a la generación de mayores velocidades con el balón. Abstract. In Soccer the possibility of generating static shots with high speed can determine the outcome of a game to reduce the chance of reaction of the goal keeper. This research study analyzes the relationship of body proportionality and body composition with maximum ball speed shooting of soccer. 17 male players under the age of 20 (U-20) of Barinas State (173.2 cm ± 6.9 and 65 ± 7.8 kg) were evaluated. The anthropometric variables were collected according to ISAK protocol. For the assessment of proportionality and body composition scalable method was used being compared through an ontogenetic sport prototype. A test of peak ball velocity was applied in the static shot without focusing on precision using a doopler radar to record speeds. The results show that there is a significant direct correlation (<.05) for Z ileoespinal height index, and inverse for Z index panículo thigh with respect to the maximum speed of the ball in the static shot. Both correlations present a coefficient of determination of 24% and 25.8% respectively. No correlations (> -.05) were found for the Z indices of lateral tibial height, lateral tibial length trochanter or for the lean thigh area with the maximum speed of the ball. Therefore, the lower accumulation of adipose tissue and greater height of the lower limb are considered variables related to the generation of higher velocities with the ball.
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