Converting park-and-ride to bike-and-ride trips could yield important environ-
Bus lanes have the potential to significantly improve bus speeds and reliability. These benefits are typically not solely achieved through the design and installation of a bus lane, however. A successful bus lane must also have sufficient public support for regulating bus lane use, as well as enforcing those regulations. Effective design, enforcement, legislation, and education strategies are critical during both the planning and post-implementation phases to limit bus lane violations and increase compliance, thereby improving bus lane efficiency. Despite the importance of developing a robust management plan to limit violations and maintain bus lane efficiency, there is little documented guidance for bus lane implementation and management in the literature, particularly related to enforcement and education strategies. This paper develops a best practices review to respond to that gap in guidance by conducting a comprehensive literature review of best practice in bus lane management along with interviews with agency staff. The objective of this paper is to research, identify, and develop strategies to improve bus lane observance and enforcement, and to create an implementation plan for agencies with specific recommendations and strategies to ensure the success of bus lane initiatives.
Despite the increasing number of dedicated bus lanes in various cities across the United States, no clear screening criteria or thresholds have emerged for determining appropriate locations for these dedicated facilities. The Maryland Department of Transportation Maryland Transit Administration (MDOT MTA), in coordination with the Baltimore City Department of Transportation, conducted a detailed review of literature, selection of performance measures, and screening evaluation to identify candidate corridors for dedicated bus lanes and criteria to be used for future assessments. A national-level literature review and review of best practices was used to identify performance measures by which to assess the benefits and tradeoffs of installing dedicated bus lanes. As a result of this literature review and evaluation, design was undertaken on the selected corridor segments and implementation has started on the selected corridor segments. By the end of 2017 nearly 5.5 lane miles of dedicated bus lanes were in place, with 4.9 mi of full-time lanes with red paint (methyl methacrylate) and appropriate signing and markings, and 0.5 mi of peak-only lanes with signage and pavement markings but no paint. This effort was conducted in support of BaltimoreLink, MDOT MTA's overhaul and rebranding of its core bus service, which included redesigning the entire local and express bus system throughout the Baltimore region in 2017.
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