high prevalence of deficiency and insufficiency of vitamin D were observed, associated with metabolic changes both in obese adults and adolescents. It is necessary to develop strategies for the prevention and control of obesity and vitamin D deficiency.

In this study, antimicrobial activity of extracts and lupenone from A. inundata (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae), were tested. In addition, the multi-element composition of the leaves, bark and stems (heartwood) of A. inundata was evaluated using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). Lupenone was isolated in the petroleum ether extract of leaves, for the first time. Biological assays were conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic) of extracts, their fractions and lupenone. The results showed antimicrobial and antileishmanial activity of these compounds, which may be useful for obtaining a chemical composition and biological activity database on Albizia species. For multi-element composition, we found the mean concentrations (minimum-maximum) of Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, V and Zn in the samples ranged between 0.06 and 265.41 μg g-1. Concentration ranges of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn are large, which makes these samples as additional sources of these macronutrients.

Objective:To perform anthropometric assessment of patients with quadriplegic, chronic non-progressive encephalopathy, comparing two distinct references of nutritional classification and to compare the estimated height to the length measured by stadiometer. Method:Cross-sectional study including 0-3-year children with quadriplegic chronic non-progressive encephalopathy in secondary public hospital. Length, weight, arm circumference, triceps skinfold and knee height were measured. The arm muscle circumference and estimated height were calculated. The following relations were evaluated: weight-for-age, length-for-age and weight-for-length, using as reference the charts of the World Health Organization (WHO) and those proposed by Krick et al. Results:Fourteen children with a mean age of 21 months were evaluated. Assessment of anthropometric indicators showed significant difference between the two classification methods to assess nutritional indicators length/age (p=0.014), weight/age (p=0.014) and weight/length (p=0.001). There was significant correlation between measured length and estimated height (r=0.796, p=0.001). Evaluation of arm circumference and triceps skinfold showed that most patients presented some degree of malnutrition. According to arm muscle circumference, most were eutrophic. Conclusions:Specific curves for children with chronic non-progressive encephalopathy appear to underestimate malnutrition when one takes into account indicators involving weight. Curves developed for healthy children can be a good option for clinical practice and weight-for-length indicator and body composition measurements should be considered as complementary tools.

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Objective: To evaluate, in adolescents and adults, the association of severe obesity with the extent of the metabolic changes shown.Methods: This is an observational comparative study with a population consisting of adolescents with severe obesity and adults with class III obesity. The patients underwent anthropometric, biochemical and clinical evaluations. We evaluated the lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c and triglycerides), C-reactive protein (CRP) and fasting glucose. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by calculating the Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). The evaluation of blood pressure was performed and the presence of hepatic steatosis (HS) by total abdomen ultrasound and metabolic syndrome (MS) were verified. Results:The sample consisted of 128 individuals: 60 adolescents (G1) and 68 adults (G2). There were no significant differences between the groups as regards weight, BMI and WC. HOMA-IR showed significant difference between the groups, with higher means (p = 0.000) and prevalence (p = 0.008) in G2. There was a trend of higher means of blood glucose in adults (p = 0.070). G1 featured larger percentages of all components of the lipid profile with significant differences. High prevalence of HS, MS, blood pressure and CRP were observed in both groups with no statistical differences between them. Conclusions:Adolescents were similar to adults in relation to the prevalence and severity of the anthropometric, clinical and metabolic changes analyzed. Such findings call attention to the effects of exposure to obesity in the progressive worsening of associated complications which can increase the chances of the emergence of cardiovascular diseases, increasingly early in the lives of individuals.