I dedicate this dissertation to my family. Without their perseverance, understanding, unconditional support, and most of all love, the completion of this work would not have been possible. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I would like to thank my advisor Professor Raphael G. Raptis. This work would have not been possible without his expertise and vast knowledge. Even with many tall walls on the path, he never gave up on my ability to complete this task. His patience and motivation helped me persevere and strive for the best. I am honored to have such a prominent and professional advisor.
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