Purpose To evaluate using Facebook ads to promote hepatitis A vaccination to at-risk groups. Design This descriptive research study used Facebook ads and posts to deliver a social media health campaign. Setting The social networking site Facebook was used to target audiences in the United States. Subjects Adults in the United States with Facebook accounts were the general audience with at-risk audiences having interests or profile attributes in either LGBTQ or food service groups. Measures Facebook Ads Manager was used to determine impressions, engagement rates, link clicks, and cost per result of the ads. These metrics were measured to examine the use of Facebook ads and targeting audiences. Analysis Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was used to determine if the amount spent on each ad had any correlation with reach, results, cost per result, or impressions. Results The campaign resulted in a reach of 53 422 users, 70 542 impressions, 457 unique link clicks (483 link clicks), an average cost per results of $0.92 USD, and the total amount spent of $445.68 USD. The amount spent was positively correlated with reach (r = .969), results (r = .994), cost per result (r = .841), and impressions (r =.957). Conclusion The social media health campaign was effective in reaching an audience about hepatitis A vaccination. Using interest groups was not more cost-effective than a using a general audience for link clicks.
Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping America and the world. It does not take policy positions. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, content analysis and other data-driven social science research. The Center studies U.S. politics and policy; journalism and media; internet, science and technology; religion and public life; Hispanic trends; global attitudes and trends; and U.S. social and demographic trends. All of the Center's reports are available at www.pewresearch.org. Pew Research Center is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts, its primary funder.
BACKGROUND Almost one-third of U.S. adults (29%) have a tattoo, and almost half (47%) of millennials reported having a tattoo. With more people getting tattoos, there is an increased risk for infectious diseases, skin infections, and allergic reactions. Tattoo artists can influence these health risks with their standards of practice, tattoo inks, and sterilization techniques. Although tattoos are becoming mainstream, it was unclear if tattoo artists would be a hard-to-reach population. Using social media sites represent a promising method for recruiting tattoo artists for online survey research studies. OBJECTIVE To evaluate various online platforms and traditional methods for recruiting tattoo artists into a descriptive, online survey study. METHODS From September 2015 to February 2016, tattoo artists who primarily tattooed in the United States were recruited using both online and traditional methods. Recruitment occurred via Facebook advertisements, Instagram, Twitter, website, online advertisement, emails, and postcards mailed to tattoo shops. RESULTS Recruitment methods resulted in 2332 respondents, of which 1845 answered question one, “Are you a tattoo artist?” Only 1571 were tattoo artists. Facebook advertisements recruited the most study participants. Facebook accounted for 1228 (78.17%) respondents who were tattoo artists. This number surpassed the next leading category of HTTP referer unknown, which had 268 (17.06%). The [removed for blinded manuscript] website recruited 45 (2.86%) tattoo artists while other online sources contributed to 28 (1.78%). Twitter and email had the lowest response rate with only 0.06% (n=1) each. CONCLUSIONS Social media sites enhanced survey participation, making it easier to reach tattoo artists nationwide. Of the recruitment methods used, Facebook advertisements were the most effective option, both for cost and recruitment rates. This study’s findings extend previous research studies that demonstrated the timeliness, ease, and effectiveness of using Facebook advertisements for recruitment.
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