Depression and anxiety, the most important psychological disorders in cancer patients, have now been considered as psychoneuroimmunological disorders, in which peripheral immune activation, through the release of proinflammatory cytokines, is implicated in the variety of behavioral, neuroendocrine and neurochemical alterations associated with these disorders. Along with the tumor itself, cancer treatment can also contribute to exacerbate the production of proinflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to investigate whether proinflammatory cytokine levels are related to depression and anxiety in CRC patients in different stages of the antitumor therapy We evaluated 60 patients in three stages of antitumor therapy (Pre-chemotherapy, Under-chemotherapy and Post-chemotherapy, n=20 in each group) and 20 healthy volunteers by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Serum levels of cytokines were measured by CBA. Depression and/or anxiety were found at clinically relevant levels in CRC patients during all antitumor therapy. Patients in pre-chemotherapy group exhibited the highest concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the lowest levels of IL-10. In latter stages of treatment, cytokines reached levels similar to the control group. Correlation analysis between HADS score and cytokine serum levels revealed positive associations of anxiety and/or depression with IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, and a negative correlation with IL-10, suggesting that cytokines are involved in the pathophysiology of these psychological disorders in CRC patients. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in these psychological disorders will allow the design of new therapeutic strategies to assist in alleviating such symptoms in cancer patients.
RESUMO: Trata-se de um estudo transversal conduzido num Serviço de Atenção Domiciliar do interior paulista. Teve como objetivos identificar o uso de Equipamento de Proteção Individual, dispositivos de segurança, descarte de materiais perfurocortantes e fatores que dificultam e/ou facilitam o seu uso por profissionais da equipe de enfermagem. A população foi composta por 45 participantes e todos relataram usar Equipamento de Proteção Individual, sendo que 100% referiram usar luvas e os procedimentos frequentes para o uso foram curativos e administração de medicamentos. Apesar de relatarem que não há dificuldade para utilizar os Equipamentos de Proteção Individual e que se preocupam com sua própria segurança, observou-se que a adesão não foi integral. Assim, são necessários estudos futuros capazes de avaliar como ocorre de fato a assistência à saúde dos usuários nos domicílios, para que estratégias de prevenção possam ser identificadas e incorporadas à prática desses profissionais. DESCRITORES: Equipe de enfermagem; Equipamento de proteção individual; Exposição à agentes biológicos; Serviços de assistência domiciliar. USO DE EQUIPAMENTO DE PROTEÇÃO INDIVIDUAL EM UM SERVIÇO DE ATENÇÃO DOMICILIAR USE OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT IN A HOME CARE SERVICEABSTRACT: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a home care service in the state of São Paulo. The objective of the study was to identify the use of personal protective equipment, safety devices, the disposal of sharp objects, and other factors that make difficult and/or facilitate such use by professionals of the nursing team. The population was made up of 45 participants who reported using personal protective equipment. They all reported using gloves, frequent procedures that required their use were dressings and administration of medications. Although it was reported that the participants did not have difficulty in using personal protective equipment, and that they were concerned about their own safety, full adherence was lacking. Therefore, further studies that are able to evaluate how home care services really occur are necessary, so that prevention strategies can be identified and incorporated into professionals' practice. Estudio transversal realizado en un Servicio de Atención Domiciliaria del interior paulista, con el objetivo de identificar el uso de Equipos de Protección Personal, mecanismos de seguridad, descarte de materiales punzocortantes y factores que dificultan y/o facilitan su utilización en profesionales del equipo de enfermería. La población se compuso de 45 participantes, todos informaron usar Equipos de Protección Personal, el 100% afirmó usar guantes y los procedimientos para su uso frecuente fueron vendajes y administración de medicamentos. A pesar de informarse que no existe dificultado para utilizar Equipos de Protección Personal y que se preocupan por la propia seguridad, se observó que la adhesión no fue integral. Consecuentemente, existe necesidad de estudios a futuro, capaces de evaluar cómo transcurre de hecho la atención de la sa...
Trata-se de um estudo transversal com objetivo de identificar e caracterizar os acidentes com material biológico relatado por profissionais de enfermagem de um serviço de atenção domiciliar do interior paulista. Dos 30 sujeitos que trabalhavam no serviço, no período da coleta de dados, 28 concordaram participar e 12 (42,8%) relataram ter sofrido pelo menos um acidente com material biológico durante o exercício profissional no serviço. A maioria das exposições foi percutânea (91,7%), o sangue foi o fluido mais frequentemente envolvido (75%). Em relação ao procedimento, 75% dos indivíduos estava administrando medicamento no momento do acidente e 50% admitiu que estava reencapando agulhas ocas. O presente estudo permitiu identificar as situações relatadas pelos profissionais para a ocorrência dos acidentes com material biológico durante a assistência domiciliar, as quais podem subsidiar medidas preventivas e direcionar futuros estudos que envolvam esse tipo de acidente nos domicílios.
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