Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a squamous cell carcinoma derived from nasopharyngeal epithelium. NPC characteristic is highly invasive and can metastasize rapidly. The presence of distant metastasis is a major factor in determining the patient’s management and prognosis. The magnitude of radiologic and molecular costs encouraging the need to know the clinical variables associated with distant metastasis of NPC. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical retrospective studies of undifferentiated NPC (WHO type III) patients at initial diagnosis in the ORL-HNS Department of Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta from January 2014 to December 2016. Results: At 276 NPC patients with the ratio of 197 men (71.4%) and 79 women (28.6%) was 2.5:1, mean age 48.5 years, distant metastasis was found in 37 patients (13.4%). There was no significant difference in the frequency of sex (p = 0.346), age (p = 0.784), and primary tumor clinical status (p = 0.297) between NPC with distant metastasis and without distant metastasis. There was significant difference in the frequency of regional lymph node clinical status between NPC with distant metastasis and without distant metastasis (p = 0.004; PR = 3.866). Conclusions: There is no statistically significant difference of primary tumor clinical status between NPC with and without distant metastasis. There is statistically significant difference of lymph node clinical status between NPC with and without distant metastasis.

Schwannomas are benign tumours arising from the Schwann cells. Around 25-45% schwannomas have been reported occured in head and neck region, but only 1% located intraoral. We report a case of 22 year old woman who presented with foreign body sensation in throat, dysphagia, change of voice, and snoring. There was a slowly growing, solitary, encapsulated, painless, mass on the tongue base. Microscopically, it had the typical features of schwannoma, the diagnosis being supported by a strong positivity for S-100 protein. Ki67 staining showed low proliferative index (&lt;5%) indicated benign schwannoma. CT-scan of oropharynx demonstrated a well-circumscribed soft tissue density mass, oval shape, connected with the left portion base of tongue, homogenous, and strong enhancement mass. The entire mass was removed in general anesthesia with conservative surgical excision via trans-oral route, histopathologic reported consistent as schwannoma. The patient remained disease-free, without any residual problems. Although the rarity of schwannoma on the tongue base, this case highlights the importance of including it in the differential diagnosis of mass from the tongue base. To the best of our knowledge, our case is only the twentieth of schwannoma at the base of tongue that reported in the literature. <p> </p>

Background Children with dysfunction in sensory integration

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