Background The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among the worldwide population has been associated with a range of adverse health consequences such as Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic abnormalities that occur more commonly in overweight individuals. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a dietary approach used for weight loss and overall health. TRF may be an option for those subjects who struggle with extreme restriction diets with foods that generally do not belong to an individual's habits. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of TRF on body composition and the association of weight loss with metabolic and cardiovascular risks in obese middle-aged women. Methods A non-randomized controlled clinical trial was performed over 3 months in obese women (TRF group, n = 20, BMI 32.53 ± 1.13 vs. Control n = 12, BMI 34.55 ± 1.20). The TRF protocol adopted was 16 h without any energy intake followed by 8 h of normal food intake. Main outcomes and measures Anthropometric measurements, body composition, blood biomarkers, cardiovascular risk in 30 years (CVDRisk30y), and quality of life were evaluated at baseline and after the 3 months. Results TRF was effective in reducing weight (~ 4 kg), BMI, % of body fat (%BF), waist circumference from baseline without changes in blood biomarkers associated with MetS. TRF promoted a reduction in CVDRisk30y (12%) wich was moderately correlated with %BF (r = 0.62, n = 64, p < 0.001) and %MM (r = − 0.74, n = 64, p < 0.001). Conclusions TRF protocol reduces body weight without changes in biomarkers related to MetS. In addition, the anthropometric evaluation that predicts %BF and %MM could be used as an approach to follow individuals engaged in the TRF regimen since they correlate with cardiovascular risk.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent and debilitating psychiatric disorders, with a large number of patients not showing an effective therapeutic response to available treatments. Several biopsychosocial factors, such as stress in childhood and throughout life, and factors related to biological aging, may increase the susceptibility to MDD development. Included in critical biological processes related to aging and underlying biological mechanisms associated with MDD is the shortening of telomeres and changes in telomerase activity. This comprehensive review discusses studies that assessed the length of telomeres or telomerase activity and function in peripheral blood cells and brain tissues of MDD individuals. Also, results from in vitro protocols and animal models of stress and depressive-like behaviors were included. We also expand our discussion to include the role of telomere biology as it relates to other relevant biological mechanisms, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, oxidative stress, inflammation, genetics, and epigenetic changes. In the text and the discussion, conflicting results in the literature were observed, especially considering the size of telomeres in the central nervous system, on which there are different protocols with divergent results in the literature. Finally, the context of this review is considering cell signaling, transcription factors, and neurotransmission, which are involved in MDD and can be underlying to senescence, telomere shortening, and telomerase functions.

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Hemangioma cavernoso transmural como achado acidental durante apendicectomia: um relato de caso Transmural cavernous hemangioma as an accidental finding during appendectomy: a case report

O carcinoma hepatocelular (HCC) é o quinto tipo mais comum de neoplasia no homem, e representa a neoplasia hepática com maior incidência. Contrastando com isto, tumores primários de pleura são relativamente incomuns, sendo o mesotelioma o tipo mais comum dentre estes. Apesar de se tratar de uma patologia extremamente rara, através de revisão de literatura foi possível observar que existem relatos esparsos de hapatocarcinoma sem sítio primário hepático, em diferentes sítios, dentre eles parede torácica, pâncreas, rins. No tecido específico deste artigo, a pleura, não foi encontrado relato semelhante, e tampouco seguimento pós-operatório tão significativo (13 anos). Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 44 anos, tabagista, evoluiu durante 2 meses com quadro de dor e parestesia em região escapular direita e membro superior direito. Realizou exames de imagem constatando lesão pleural em hemitórax direito. Foram realizadas biópsias por broncoscopia e mediastinoscopia, com resultados inconclusivos. Devido ao quadro álgico progressivo optou-se pelo tratamento cirúrgico, retirando peça 25,0x14,1x11,3cm em monobloco da cavidade torácica em região do lobo superior direito. A análise patológica foi inconclusiva, porém a imunohistoquímica confirmou carcinoma hepatocelular da pleura. Após o procedimento foi identificada nova lesão em região de suprarrenal esquerda através de tomografia abdominal, a qual foi ressecada juntamente com o baço, evidenciando metástase de carcinoma hepatocelular em supra-renal no anatomopatológico. Após 13 anos de seguimento o paciente passa bem.

Paciente 46 anos, feminina, com quadro de dor abdominal, icterícia. Exames confirmaram síndrome colestática. CPRE sem evidencia de cálculos biliares, realizada papilotomia sem nenhuma intercorrência. Após procedimento e acompanhamento paciente foi liberada assintomática. No nono dia pós CPRE retornou à emergência hospitalar com queixa de dor em hipocôndrio direito e ictérica, sendo realizado exames laboratoriais que evidenciaram uma Hemoglobina de 7 g/dL. Avaliação complementar com tomografia computadorizada de abdome identificou a formação de um hematoma subcapsular hepático nos segmentos V a VIII, medindo 16,4 x 4,1 x 21,2 cm (volume aproximado de 741,2 ml). A paciente apresentou uma rara complicação pós CPRE, e foi optado por conduta conservadora e expectante. Apresentou boa evolução, melhora dos exames laboratoriais e redução do quadro doloroso.