Introduction: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an effective intervention to support patients in achieving their health objectives and in decreasing their risk of suffering from another myocardial infarction (MI). However, in several remote areas, no cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) exists to support patients having experienced an MI. Before the creation of an intervention CRP adapted to patients living in these areas, it is essential to describe patients and healthcare professionals' needs regarding cardiac rehabilitation care. Objective: This study describes the needs of remote patients and healthcare professionals for the essential components in a CR program following myocardial infarction and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Methods: A qualitative formative research study was conducted involving 10 men, 6 women, and 4 family physicians. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews and one focus group. Results: Results show that patients who have suffered an MI have multiple unmet needs. This gap may be due to the variability in follow-ups by healthcare professionals. In the absence of a cardiac rehabilitation program, these patients must adapt quickly to their new health condition. Discussion and conclusion: It is critical that the needs of patients living in remote areas are better addressed in cardiac rehabilitation. To do this, it is essential to create a CRP that is tailored to the needs of both patients and professionals, thus providing patient-centered care.
Background: A cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) is an interdisciplinary intervention that combines the medical, social, and educational components necessary for cardiac rehabilitation so that people with cardiovascular disease can regain their functional abilities and improve their quality of life. In CRP, nurses have an essential role in patient care and service coordination. The basic components of a CRP that can be adapted remain unknown, as there are many different CRP. This study aims to identify the key features of a CRP that can inform public policy. Currently, there is no synthesis of the characteristics of services in CRP that can be adapted in the literature. This study aims to identify the main characteristics of cardiac rehabilitation programs nurses offer when providing cardiac rehabilitation after a myocardial infarction. Methods: A scoping study was conducted according to Arksey and O'Malley (2005). We systematically searched CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane. Only empirical studies published between 2005 and 2022 with a CRP involving a nurse were included. CRP characteristics were classified, coded, and validated with the research team and categorized for analysis. Results: Fifteen articles were included in which 15 rehabilitation programs were identified. In total, four programs were offered, individualized nurse follow-up (n = 8), CRP solicitation (n = 2), use of technology (n = 3), and telehealth (n = 1). Overall, the features were categorized into four program types: 1) Interventions promoting early recruitment of participants; 2) Interventions promoting technology use; 3) Interventions based on multiple components; and 4) Interventions based on surveillance and monitoring activities. Conclusion: With the increase in myocardial infarctions, more and more patients need CRP. Nurse monitoring during CRP can be offered with several components to facilitate follow-up. These different follow-up components allow the nurse to anticipate care issues and obstacles the patient may encounter throughout cardiac rehabilitation. These elements should be promoted for engagement and participation in CR to improve CR provision. Finally, the characteristics of this study will support the conceptualization of a CR program.
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