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In this paper we argue the need for orchestration support for participatory campaigns to achieve campaign quality, and automatisation of said support to achieve scalability, both issues contributing to stakeholder usability. This goes further than providing support for defining campaigns, an issue tackled in prior work. We provide a formal definition for a campaign by extracting commonalities from the state of the art and expertise in organising noise mapping campaigns. Next, we formalise how to ensure campaigns end successfully, and translate this formal notion into an operational recipe for dynamic orchestration. We then present a framework for automatising campaign definition, monitoring and orchestration which relies on workflow technology. The framework is validated by re-enacting several campaigns previously run through manual orchestration and quantifying the increased efficiency.

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Participatory sensing, which appropriates wearable devices such as mobile phones to enable ad-hoc, person-centric mobile sensing networks, has the potential of delivering datasets with high spatio-temporal granularity. We argue that to obtain such datasets the concept of a participatory campaign, a recipe for gathering data to answer a particular concern, is essential, and that technological support for organising such campaigns is currently lacking. Campaign support is crucial to ensure that a dataset of adequate quality is gathered to study the concern under consideration, and additionally, to empower communities by providing them with a tool to answer local concerns and set up grassroots sensing actions without having to wait for an institutionalised action to take place. In this article we present a proof-of-concept architecture for participatory campaigns. The latter is built upon a formal definition of a campaign and the description of a campaign lifecycle, both of which are distilled out of earlier expertise with and related work on organising participatory sensing campaigns.

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DisCoPar (Distributed Components for Participatory Campaigning) is a framework inspired by flow-based programming (FBP) that enables users to develop and deploy mobile apps for participatory sensing purposes. The high reconfigurability and reusability on different levels of the system ensures that DisCoPar can be used to design a large variety of mobile data gathering apps. In this paper, we focus on the mobile app designer of DisCoPar. Specifically, we discuss how FBP principles such as the component-based design enable flexible app-logic composition, and how the visual aspect of FBP provides an intuitive interface for end-users. We demonstrate these principles by presenting a fully functional participatory sensing app designed with DisCoPar.

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