ABSTRACT:In 2011, Public Works and Government Services Canada (PWGSC) embarked on a comprehensive rehabilitation of the historically significant West Block of Canada's Parliament Hill. With over 17 thousand square meters of floor space, the West Block is one of the largest projects of its kind in the world. As part of the rehabilitation, PWGSC is working with the Carleton Immersive Media Studio (CIMS) to develop a building information model (BIM) that can serve as maintenance and life-cycle management tool once construction is completed. The scale and complexity of the model have presented many challenges. One of these challenges is determining appropriate levels of detail (LoD). While still a matter of debate in the development of international BIM standards, LoD is further complicated in the context of heritage buildings because we must reconcile the LoD of the BIM with that used in the documentation process (terrestrial laser scan and photogrammetric survey data). In this paper, we will discuss our work to date on establishing appropriate LoD within the West Block BIM that will best serve the end use. To facilitate this, we have developed a single parametric model for gothic pointed arches that can be used for over seventy-five unique window types present in the West Block. Using the AEC (CAN) BIM as a reference, we have developed a workflow to test each of these window types at three distinct levels of detail. We have found that the parametric Gothic arch significantly reduces the amount of time necessary to develop scenarios to test appropriate LoD.
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In this paper, we explore the evolution of modelling practices used to develop three significant Heritage Building Information Models (HBIM) on Canada’s Parliament Hill National Historic Site – West Block, Centre Block, and The Library of Parliament. The unique scope, objective, and timeline for each model required an in-depth analysis to select the appropriate classification for Level of Detail (LOD) and Level of Accuracy (LOA). With each project, the refinement of modelling practices and workflows evolved, culminating in one of our most complex and challenging projects – the Library of Parliament BIM. The purpose of this paper is to share ideas and lessons learned for the intricate challenges that emerge when using LOD and LOA classifications including trade-offs between model performance, tolerances, and anticipated BIM use. In addition, we will evaluate how these decisions effected managing the digitization, data processing, data synthesis, and visualisation of the models.</p>
Once a place of silence and solitary contemplation for a group of Franciscan friars known as Capuchos, Nossa Senhora da Piedade da Caparica (1558) today is in a state of confusion about the original configuration of its spaces. Following a major renovation project in the 1950s and a lack of documentation throughout its life, the convent seeks to better understand its past and its continued role within the municipality of Almada. Since no record drawings or descriptions of the building exist prior to the renovation, an interdisciplinary, mixed-methodological research approach was taken to generate a HBIM reconstruction of the convent. The HBIM will serve as a record of the building's modifications across time as well as an as-found record of the building to date for use into the future. This paper focuses on one aspect of this overall research project by presenting the modelling methods used to overcome the limitations of BIM software (Revit 2020) for heritage. Since the software was designed to facilitate the construction of new buildings, a high level of effort is needed to adapt the tool to fit the irregularities and asymmetries of heritage. Focusing on the ornate 17 th century facade -subjected to years of weathering and renovation campaigns-along with the entranceway and choir of the church, this paper addresses techniques for modelling a range of conditions typical to those found in heritage in Portugal. The paper will address methods for modelling irregular geometries such as wall deviations, arched ceilings, inconstancies in wall profiles and methods for modelling custom window families from point cloud data.
A primary text for understanding the architecture of Franciscan convents in Portugal is the 17th century Estatutos da Província de Santa Maria da Arrábida that outlines rules to the construction of convents belonging to the Arrábida province. Beyond articulating the conduct of daily life within the convents, the rules also describe the required spaces of the building accompanied by maximum dimensions to maintain consistent austerity across the order. The research presented in this paper discusses ongoing approaches to visualize these rules from an architectural lens in order to better understand the contents of the document both in-themselves and to how they manifest themselves in specific instances of convents across the province. One approach of the study combines text analysis and visualization through digital modelling and 3D printing. By first visualizing the spaces and relations of the ideal convent as described through a set of volumetric digital models, a comparison was later made between the dimensions and arrangement of these ideals to specific instances found in convents of the same time period, region and Franciscan reform. Another approach of the study uses photographic and photogrammetric surveys of details and spaces found across four convents of the Arrábida province in order to compare and visualize the scale and configuration of common elements – both described by the text and not. Overall, the paper also aims to demonstrate how new tools in digital heritage can assist in the study and dissemination of the otherwise invisible dimensions of heritage buildings.
Following an extensive renovation project in the 1950s and a lack of documentation throughout its life, the Convent of the Capuchos of Caparica (1558) today is in a state of confusion about the original configuration of its spaces. Since 1558, generations of Capuchos lived in the convent until the religious orders of Portugal were extinguished in 1834. Following this, it was abandoned for over onehundred years until the renovation of the 1950s that inserted many new spaces. Presently, the convent serves the community of Almada as a space for recitals, concerts, wedding receptions and other social events that although fruitful to the community, mask its original conception as a place of silence and solitary contemplation for a small group of Franciscan friars known across Portugal as Capuchos. The research project described in this paper employs an interdisciplinary, mixedmethodological research approach to virtual reconstruction to provide the scientific validation for an HBIM reconstruction of the past condition of the convent prior to the 1950s. The approach combines historic text analysis and visualization with photogrammetric surveying of details and spaces found in other convents across the region as a means to visualize the traces that today are no longer present in Caparica.
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