The objective of this study is to understand how organizational size influences dynamic capabilities in Brazil. To arrive at this understanding, structural equation modeling analysis was performed using the Brazilian Innovation Survey (PINTEC) database to test for differences between SMEs and large companies in respect to the relationship between absorptive capacity (AC) dimensions and innovation performance. The results show that in large companies, Potential AC and Realized AC impact innovation performance, whereas in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), only Realized AC has an influence. In addition, SMEs are, in fact, better at converting Realized AC into innovation performance than large companies, probably due to their flexibility and agility. These findings reveal that organizational sizes influence the impact of dynamic capabilities on performance.
RESUMO As alianças tornaram-se fator crítico para o desenvolvimento da inovação, contudo a falta de proximidade entre os parceiros, que vai além do aspecto geográfico, pode influenciar os resultados. Apesar desse entendimento, os estudos não avaliam a inter-relação das proximidades em alianças de inovação. Esta pesquisa busca compreender quais combinações de proximidades levam a alianças exploration e exploitation. Para perscrutar esse caminho, realizou-se um survey com 174 empresas de alta tecnologia; como método, adotou-se a Análise Qualitativa Comparativa (QCA). Os resultados encontrados destacam que, no contexto de parceiros próximos fisicamente, as alianças de exploration são dependentes de proximidade social, combinadas com proximidade cognitiva ou institucional. Já as alianças exploitation são dependentes de proximidades cognitiva e social, somada à ausência de proximidade organizacional. Tem-se como conclusão que a orientação inovadora das alianças não depende do desenvolvimento de todas as dimensões de proximidade e destaca-se, assim, a relevância dos laços sociais.
Alliances have become a critical factor for innovation development. However, the lack of proximity between partners, which goes beyond the geographical facet, also involving cognitive, social, organizational, and institutional characteristics, can influence companies' outcomes. In this sense, little is known about the interrelationship of proximities in innovation alliances. Therefore, this research aimed to underscore how proximities' combinations influence innovation alliances. Precisely, we investigated arrangements, dynamism, and compensation mechanisms regarding exploration (access to original knowledge) and exploitation (reinforcement of existing knowledge) innovation alliances. Using a qualitative approach, the study was divided into two methods: Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and case study. In the former, by applying a survey with 174 participants, we examined proximities' causal configurations. The results revealed, that, on one hand, exploration alliances rely on social, cognitive, or institutional proximity with physically close partners, while exploitation alliances are dependent on cognitive and social proximity, in addition to the absence of organizational proximity. We underscore the relevance of social proximity in all arrangements. We highlight the relevance of social ties in all arrangements. In the case study, we interviewed three companies in order to evaluate proximities alteration overtime along with their compensation mechanisms. Therefore, we demonstrated that proximities are not static mechanisms, but dynamic and interrelated ones. All non-geographic proximities have intensified over time, thus confirming their dynamism. We observed a switch relationship between organizational and institutional proximities, supported by social proximity. The lack of cognitive proximity was compensated by institutional, social, and geographical proximities, whereas geographical distance was waged by non-geographical proximities. Summarizing, we believe alliances' innovative orientation do not depend on developing all dimensions and these proximities need to be analyzed together, given that none of the arrangements was efficient based on only one dimension. In addition, our work scope proposed advances by indicating differences on proximities combinations depending on innovation orientation. Finally, innovation international alliances must focus on fostering trust, on overlapping knowledge, on designing a command structure, on aligning culturally, as geographical distance was irrelevant.
SALVINI, Jessâmine Thaize Sartorello. The influence of the Internationalization of R&D in the development of Dynamic Capacity in Brazilian Multinationals. 118 f. Dissertation (Master's degree).
RESUMO As alianças tornaram-se fator crítico para o desenvolvimento da inovação, contudo a falta de proximidade entre os parceiros, que vai além do aspecto geográfico, pode influenciar os resultados. Apesar desse entendimento, os estudos não avaliam a inter-relação das proximidades em alianças de inovação. Esta pesquisa busca compreender quais combinações de proximidades levam a alianças exploration e exploitation. Para perscrutar esse caminho, realizou-se um survey com 174 empresas de alta tecnologia; como método, adotou-se a Análise Qualitativa Comparativa (QCA). Os resultados encontrados destacam que, no contexto de parceiros próximos fisicamente, as alianças de exploration são dependentes de proximidade social, combinadas com proximidade cognitiva ou institucional. Já as alianças exploitation são dependentes de proximidades cognitiva e social, somada à ausência de proximidade organizacional. Tem-se como conclusão que a orientação inovadora das alianças não depende do desenvolvimento de todas as dimensões de proximidade e destaca-se, assim, a relevância dos laços sociais.
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