Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to find out clinic-demographic and histopathological variants of ovarian cancer. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at four largest tertiary care Hospitals in Dhaka city from January 2008 to December 2009. Clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed ovarian cancer patients were included in this study. Result: Histopathological confirmed 28 patients of ovarian cancer were enrolled in this study. The mean age (±SD) was 40.6 (±12.5) years (Range 13 to 63 years). Lower abdominal lump (71.4%) was the most common symptoms. Family history (14.0%) and multiparty (53.0%) were also associated with ovarian cancer. Among 28 malignant tumors cases serious cyst adenocarcinoma (57.1%) was the most common followed by mucinous cyst adenocarcinoma (17.9%), dysgerminoma (7.1%), adenocarcinoma of ovary (7.1%), ovarian choriocarcinoma (3.6%) and endometriod adeno carcinoma (3.6%). High serum CA125 was found in 78.0% cases. Conclusion: Lower abdominal lump, multiparity and positive family history are the common clinical findings of ovarian cancer. Both serous and mucinous cyst adenocarcinoma are the common varient of ovarian cancer found in this study. [J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2013;5(1):3-6]
Aim: To evaluate the thyroid status in infertile women.Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in the department of Infertility of Bangabandhu Shaekh Mujib Medical University from January 2012 to December 2012. A total 400 patients of infertility were studied. The thyroid function status of the subjects were assessed and analyzed.Results: Of the 400 women enrolled for the study, 221(55%) patients with primary infertility and 179 (45%) patients were with secondary subfertility. The mean age of the responders were 22.3±4.6 years, the mean duration of marriage were 4.5±1.2 years and mean BMI were 23.2±3.1 kg/m2.Among the 400 patients 70.50% that is 293 patients were euthyroid, TSH level was increased in 23% or in 92 subjects. Depending upon the TSH levels, hypothyroid infertile women were further subdivided into subclinical hypothyroidism where TSH 46 mIU/L with normal FT4 (9-24 pmol/L) and clinical hypothyroidism where TSH > 6 mIU/L with raised FT4 level. It was found that 66 (71.74%) of hypothyroid infertile women were with subclinical and remaining 26 (28.26%) were with clinical hypothyroidism.Hyperthyroidism that is low TSH level (<.5 mIU/L) found in 15(3.75%) subjects and visible goiter was present in only 2 patients. In 96 hypothyroid infertile females, the mean TSH levels were 7.34 ± 2.13 mIU/L, and mean FT4 level was 17.34±3.23pmol/L. The mean PRL levels were 52.46 ±11.17 ng/ml.Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction is an important factors for infertility. Early diagnosis and timely intervention can reduce the burden of infertility due to thyroid dysfunction.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 206-210
Abstract:Introduction: PCOS is a very common disorder of reproductive women characterized by hyperandrogenism and chronic auovulation. The beneficial effects on micronutrients supplements may have been mediated not only through the presence of multiple vitamin & minerals and multiple antioxidant such as vitamin C and vitamin E. It also mediated insulin sensitization with inositol and improvement of the blood flow in the pelvic organ with the presence of L-arginine. Multiple micronutrients supplementation is a cost effective remedy that is well tolerated with no adverse effects. Its use as an adjuvant in fertility treatment may benefit women pre conceptionaly.
Background: PCOS is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Letrozole is an orally active aromatase inhibitor and as effective as chlomiphene citrate for induction of ovulation. Estrogen is important in the regeneration and growth of the endometrium prior to ovulation prepare the tissue to respond to progesterone post ovulation in PCOS patients. Aim of the study was to assess the effects of estradiol valerate on endometrial thickness in PCOS having ovulation induction with letrozole. Methods: This randomized controlled study was conducted in the department of reproductive endocrinology and infertility, BSMMU, Dhaka, with 1 year duration. A total 80 diagnosed cases of PCOS patients with subfertility were included in this study. Among them 40 patients received letrozole and estradiol valerate and 40 patients received letrozole and placebo. Results: On day 8, mean endometrial thickness was not statistically significant between two groups (p=0.436). On day of triggering, mean endometrial thickness was significantly higher in intervention group 9.2±1.4 mm than control group 8.2±1.4 mm (p=0.004). Mean changes of endometrial thickness on day of triggering compared with on day 8 was significantly higher in intervention group 3.2±1.5 mm than control group 2.5±1.6 mm (p=0.043). Pregnancy rate was higher in intervention group 13 (38.2%) than control group 8 (22.2%) with relative risk 1.72, 95% CI (0.82-3.63%), that was not statistically significant between two groups (p=0.144). Conclusions: Mean changes of endometrial thickness on day of triggering were significantly higher in intervention group than control group. The pregnancy rate achieved with letrozole+estradiol valerate combination was higher than that achieved with letrozole and placebo group.
Introduction: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer (10.4 % of all cancer incidence, both sexes counted) and the fifth most common cause of cancer death in the world. In 2005, breast cancer caused 502,000 deaths worldwide. Clinical evaluation could function as a valuable diagnostic tool. Clinical evaluation, however, is a simple method to detect cases as it is inexpensive and non-invasive and if found to be accurate, might be of great value.Aim: To evaluate patients referred to colposcopy clinic in BSMMU for breast symptoms by clinical breast examination (CBE).Material and method: The study design was cross sectional study done in the colposcopy clinic in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, under the Establishment of National centre for cervical and breast cancer screening and training at BSMMU and Cervical and breast cancer screening and training in BSMMU projects.Result: A total of 752 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria , demographic features are demonstrated in mean age of the patients was 35.1±9.2 years, mean BMI was 22.5±2.1, about 30% subjects were postmenopausal and about 2% patients had history of breast cancer. Presenting complaint was a self-detected breast mass and found to have a mass on examination by her physician in 204 patients. 308 subjects complained of mastalgia; 34 patients complained of nipple discharge. Only 5 patients complained of axillary lymph node enlargement. Nipple abnormalities like retracted and cracked nipple was complained by 4% cases. Most patients (58%) were found to have normal findings. Palpable mass was found in 121 cases and bilateral in one case. Nipple abnormalities found in 10 cases. Tenderness and nipple discharge found in 15% and 4% cases respectively. Regarding the characteristics of the masses proved by cytology (FNAC), 109 were benign and 12 were malignant.Conclusion: CBE is an important screening procedure to identify breast pathology. Out of 752 patients breast pathology were identified in about 41% of patients and 10% breast lumps were malignant. So CBE should be done every three yearly in <40 and yearly in above 40 years women.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 5(1): 20-24, 2014 (January)
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