Keywords: carbon nanotubes, polymer, functional composite, thermal properties of functional composite. A functional composite (FC) was obtained by mixing polymers from the group of polyacrylic acid ester derivatives and polymethylacrylate, copolymers of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyurethanes, ethoxylate derivatives of silicones and chemically functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (FMCN). The result was a subject of temperature dependence measurement on electrical resistivity, as well as mechanical strength and flexibility. FC has presented durable, flexible properties and demonstrated a resistance in the range of 20 - 40 Ω. A silicone composite has presented a best chemical and physical properties in broad range of temperature (up to 100°C). Thermal images were studied using infrared (IR) camera and characterized by histograms. The morphology of the functional composites have been observed by SEM and discussed. The work also presents number of methods of nanostructures preparation, which are the most commonly used.
Nanocomposites of modified carbon nanotubes (CNT) and either polyurethane (PU), poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc), or silicone materials were synthetized and characterized for thermal mat application. The obtained results revealed that the polymer used as a matrix had an impact on the electrical resistance of the mats. The lowest results of 32 Ω of resistance was registered with silicone‐based mats containing 5 wt % of CNT. For the same CNT content the mats based on PVAc and PU displayed values of 55 and 60 Ω, respectively. The low resistance properties of silicone‐based materials were due principally to the good compatibility of both polymer and functionalized CNT. Because of the low resistance values, this mat was subjected to thermovision analysis revealing that the samples reached temperature of about 60 °C in 9 min and 70 °C after 27 min of 27 V of applied potential. The results showed an almost uniform temperature distribution in the samples’ surface with some high and low temperature spots, which were attributed to nonuniform distribution of CNT in the polymer matrix. In summary, all the obtained results confirm that silicone‐CNT are very promising materials that can be used as low‐voltage heating mats. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44194.
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