The synthesis of selectively fluorinated molecules is an important challenge in organic chemistry. This topic has received considerable attention because of the utility of fluorinated compounds in a wide variety of disciplines. There are three types of fluorination depending on whether the fluorine atom is radical, anionic, or cationic. Fluorine radicals are of little synthetic use because of the difficulties in controlling their reactivity. Fluorine is utilized in nucleophilic as well as electrophilic fluorinations Molecular fluorine is the simplest reagent of this type, however, its safe handling is difficult. Stable, selective reagents are crucial to the development of electrophilic fluorination. N‐F reagents have emerged as generally safer and easier to handle selective sources of electrophilic fluorine. N‐F reagents offer a range of fluorinating powers and some are available commercially. Two classes are known: neutral N‐F reagents and quaternary ammonium N‐F reagents (quaternary salts are usually the more powerful). N‐F reagents popularity arises because they posses a long shelf life, several are commercially available, and they can be handled safely in glassware. The drawback is the preferential use of molecular fluorine for their preparation. This article deals with the preparation and the use of all types of electrophilic fluorinating agents possessing the N‐F moiety.
In
this work, new (multi)functional-dedicated polymer materials
were designed and processed from the copolymerization between novel
imidazolium ionic liquid monomer (ILM) with a conventional polyetheramine
denoted Jeffamine D230. First, a facile and robust synthetic route
was investigated in order to design polyfunctional imidazolium monomers
bearing an aromatic ring and two epoxy functions at the end of aliphatic
chains. Then, the main mechanisms of epoxy opening leading to polymerization
with different kinetics were modeled through the reaction between
a monofunctional epoxy and aliphatic mono- and diamines by using “in situ” NMR spectroscopy. Finally, the monomer molecular
structure-network architecture-physical properties relationships of
the resulting IL-modified epoxy networks were investigated. As a consequence,
epoxy networks with a glass transition temperature of 55 °C and
with enhanced properties such as thermal stability (>300 °C),
storage modulus of 700 MPa at room temperature, and an ionic conductivity
(4 × 10–4 S m–1 for 70 °C)
combined with an hydrophobic character of their surface (33 mJ m–2) were prepared.
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