The overall risk of second primary malignancies is increased for thyroid cancer survivors and varies by radioisotope therapy, latency, and age at diagnosis.

II.

Surgery and radiotherapy improves survival in patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Aggressive treatment with surgery and chemoradiation should be encouraged.

Adenocarcinoma histology independently predicted for a more aggressive phenotype, particularly in women with LN involvement. The number of LNs examined did not independently predict for survival when adjusted for patient and disease characteristics, providing context for the investigation of sentinel node biopsy or other sampling methods. LN positive disease in carcinoma of the cervix predicts a prognosis that is inversely related to the number of involved nodes. Tumor grade, size, and FIGO stage were associated with increasing risk for lymph node metastases.