Spatial data infrastructures (SDIs) provide access to spatial data and services for humans to solve spatial problems but represent a barrier for machines such as search engines or spatial services. In this article we propose an architecture for spatial knowledge infrastructure (SKI), which attempts to overcome these limitations, and describe the interactions between its components. The SKI architecture proposed is illustrated for two scenarios. The first is an architecture for an ideal solution requiring spatial data on the web, and the second is for a practical short‐term solution that takes into consideration legacy SDIs as well as spatial data on the web in its implementation. In addition, the utility of the proposed SKI architecture is illustrated with two examples demonstrating the scope of the SKI in two different ways: where the SKI is a “knowledge enabler,” and where the SKI acts as a “knowledge creator.” A discussion on how well the proposed architecture meets current best practice for spatial data on the web, as well as obstacles and challenges in the implementation of the proposed solutions, concludes the article.
Commission VI, WG VI/5 KEY WORDS: Search, Federation, Orchestration, OGC, W3C, Semantic Web, Artificial Intelligence ABSTRACT:This paper describes on-going research on streamlining the access and use of spatial data and processes in Australia. Spatial data in Australia is available on-line at many levels of government from local authorities, state and territories (jurisdictions), and nationally from the Commonwealth and other sources. Much of this data is available via Open Geospatial Consortium and World Wide Web Consortium standard web services. This abstract discusses three related research topics that have been identified by a wide range of stakeholders through a comprehensive consultation process. These are search and discovery, federation and orchestration of data and processes. The commonality across the three research topics is that they all require Semantic Web and Artificial Intelligence methods and embrace the various standards, and if needed, propose modifications to such standards.
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