We demonstrate the operation of a novel all-optical flip-flop. The flip-flop consists of a slave Fabry-Perot laser diode (FP-LD) and a specially designed master FP-LD which has a built-in external cavity and operates in single longitudinal mode oscillation. The set and reset pulses were generated by external modulators at 1 Gbit/s. The rising and falling times of the output signal in on-off operation of the flip-flop were about 50 ps. The required powers of both set and reset pulses were less than -9 dBm.
An all-optical flip-flop with inverted output is presented. The flip-flop is realized based on the optical bistability of an injection-locked single-mode Fabry-Perot laser diode (FP-LD). The operation principle is explained and experimental results are presented in this paper. The flip-flop with separate optical set and reset inputs had an on-off contrast ratio of over 35 dB.
Mutation in the presenilin 2 (PS2mt) is known to be one of factors involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It was recently revealed that an abnormality of lipid metabolism is a phenomenon occurring in AD. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential relationship between the mutation of PS2 and alterations of the lipid profile within the brain. The results showed there increases in the levels of cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and triglyceride, but a decrease in the level of high density lipoprotein in brain tissues expressing mutant PS2. These findings indicated that PS2mt is involved in the abnormalities of the lipid profile, which could cause or result in the development of AD.
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