We herein advance a secure steganographic algorithm that uses a turnover policy and a novel adjusting process. Although the method of Wang et al. uses Pixel-Value Differencing (PVD) and their modulus function provides high capacity and good image quality, the embedding process causes a number of artifacts, such as abnormal increases and fluctuations in the PVD histogram, which may reveal the existence of the hidden message. In order to enhance the security of the algorithm, a turnover policy is used that prevents abnormal increases in the histogram values and a novel adjusting process is devised to remove the fluctuations at the border of the subrange in the PVD histogram. The proposed method therefore eliminates all the weaknesses of the PVD steganographic methods thus far proposed and guarantees secure communication. In the experiments described herein, the proposed algorithm is compared with other PVD steganographic algorithms by using well-known steganalysis techniques, such as RS-analysis, steganalysis for LSB matching, and histogram-based attacks. The results support our contention that the proposed method enhances security by keeping the PVD histogram similar to the cover, while also providing high embedding capacity and good imperceptibility to the naked eye.
Abstract. The steganalytic measures are proposed to destroy the steganographic method using pixel-value differencing(PVD) and modulus function. The modulus PVD steganography method utilizes the remainder of the two consecutive pixels to embed the secret data, which gains more flexibility and is capable of deriving the optimal remainder of the two pixels at the least distortion. However, there exist unavoidable weaknesses: fluctuation of the histogram, asymmetry of the 1 and -1 histogram values, and abnormal increasing of the 0 histogram value. The steganalytic measures are designed using these weaknesses of the modulus PVD steganography method. Through experiments, we prove that the proposed steganalytic measures successfully defeat the modulus PVD steganography method.
SUMMARYA secure method for steganography is proposed. Pixelvalue differencing (PVD) steganography and bit-plane complexity segmentation (BPCS) steganography have the weakness of generating blocky effects and noise in smooth areas and being detectable with steganalysis. To overcome these weaknesses, a secure bit-plane based steganography method on the spatial domain is presented, which uses a robust measure to select noisy blocks for embedding messages. A matrix embedding technique is also applied to reduce the change of cover images. Given that the statistical property of cover images is well preserved in stego-images, the proposed method is undetectable by steganalysis that uses RS analysis or histogram-based analysis. The proposed method is compared with the PVD and BPCS steganography methods. Experimental results confirm that the proposed method is secure against potential attacks.
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