A simple counter-staining procedure has been developed for comparative beta-glucuronidase (GUS) expression and anatomical localization in transgenic herbaceous arabidopsis and tobacco. This protocol provides good anatomical visualization for monitoring chimeric gene expression at both the organ and tissue levels. It can be used with different histochemical stains and can be extended to the study of woody species. The specimens are paraffin-embedded, the block is trimmed to reveal internal structure, safranin-O staining solution is briefly applied to the surface of the block, then washed off and, after drying, a drop of immersion oil is placed on the stained surface for subsequent photographic work. This gives tissue counter-staining with good structural preservation without loss of GUS staining product; moreover, sample observation is rapid and efficient compared to existing procedures.
Objective In this prospective, observational study, we determined whether serum protein C and protein S (PC/PS) activity correlated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) stages II and III in premature infant. We hypothesized that PC/PS measurement if used as an adjunct to abdominal radiographs would improve the identification and predication of infants with NEC. Methods Serum PC/PS activity was measured according to protocol at early stage and recover stage of NEC. When clinical signs persisted and the initial abdominal radiographs were abnormal, follow-up radiographs were obtained. Results. Of 45 infants who were evaluated for gastrointestinal signs, only 2 had ileus or benign pneumatosis intestinalis with persistently normal PC/PS; gastrointestinal manifestations resolved within 48 hours, antibiotics were discontinued in < 48 hours, and feedings were restarted early without complications. 35 infants had NEC stages II and III; all had decreased PC/PS activity regardless of their blood culture results. PC/PS activity negatively correlative with severity of NEC and positively correlative with the recover form NEC. Conclusions In infants with suspected NEC, normal PC/PS values would favor aborted antibiotic therapy and early resumption of feedings. PC/PS becomes significantly lower in both stage II and stage III NEC. In infants with NEC, persistently decreased PC/PS after initiation of appropriate medical management suggests associated complications, which may require surgical intervention.
An 8-year-old intact male mixed-breed dog presented with tetraparesis, right side head tilt, and cluster seizure-like episodes. Based on the magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis results, meningoencephalitis of an unknown aetiology was strongly suspected. The patient survived for 963 days under mycophenolate mofetil plus prednisolone therapy and was ultimately diagnosed with necrotising leukoencephalitis. This report describes the clinical findings, the serial magnetic resonance imaging characteristics, and the histopathologic features of a case of necrotising leukoencephalitis and the long-term survival after mycophenolate mofetil plus prednisolone therapy.
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