Private domestic gardens are integral to cities and urban ecosystems. For example, they account for an estimated 27.4% of the urban area of Edinburgh, UK (Loram et al., 2007), 23% of Sheffield, UK (Gaston et al., 2005), and up to 36% of Dunedin, New Zealand (Mathieu et al., 2007). Because domestic gardens are generally divided and dispersed across multiple small private properties, governments have difficulty enforcing guidelines that might harness private gardens to policy goals regarding biodiversity loss (e.g. CBD, 2021) or conservation (Dewaelheyns et al., 2016). Nonetheless, thanks to the large amount of time invested in gardening, the yearly
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