Objective: To analyze the time trend, spatial distribution, and the cases of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome cases with social determinants of health. Methods: Ecological and analytical study, carried out based on the cases of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome notified in a state in the Brazilian Midwest, from 2009 to 2018. The study used descriptive analysis, polynomial regression, and geospatial analysis. Results: In 10 years, there were 9,157 notifications, growing each year. There was a growing trend for both sexes (p<0.001, r2=0.94). The City Human Development Index was related to the higher number of cases (city of notification, p=0.01; and city where the person lives, p=0.02). The highest concentration was in cities that house health macro-regions. Conclusion: Social determinants have a relationship with the time trend and the spatial distribution of cases and can direct strategies for prevention and care.
RESUMO Objetivo: analisar os fatores associados ao nível de atividade física em adolescentes. Método: estudo transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado com adolescentes matriculados em duas instituições de ensino de uma capital da região Centro-Oeste brasileira. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de abril a outubro de 2021, por meio de questionário autoaplicado composto por escalas validadas. A associação entre as variáveis foi verificada por meio de regressão logística. Resultados: participaram do estudo 219 adolescentes, com média de idade de 15,7 anos, mais da metade eram meninas (52,5%) e de classe econômica média (51,1%); 55,3% eram muito ativo/ativo; 39,3%, com autoestima baixa; 17,8% apresentaram risco para desenvolver transtorno alimentar; 12,3% risco para sintomas de ansiedade grave; e 13,3%, risco para sintomas de depressão moderada. Os fatores associados ao nível de atividade física foram a autoestima e o risco para depressão. Conclusão: O rastreamento precoce de adolescentes com baixa autoestima e risco para sintomas de depressão pode constituir estratégia inicial para direcionar ações de estímulo à prática de atividade física.
Objective: to analyze the factors associated with physical activity levels in adolescents. Method: cross-sectional, quantitative study, conducted with adolescents enrolled in two educational institutions in a capital of the midwest region of Brazil. Data collection occurred from April to October 2021, through a self-administered questionnaire composed of validated scales. The association between the variables was verified by logistic regression. Results: 219 adolescents participated in the study, with a mean age of 15.7 years, more than half were girls (52.5%) from medium economic class (51.1%); 55.3% were very active/active; 39.3% had low self-esteem; 17.8% were at risk for developing an eating disorder; 12.3% at risk for severe anxiety symptoms; and 13.3% at risk for moderate depression symptoms. The factors associated with the level of physical activity were self-esteem and risk for depression. Conclusion: Early screening of adolescents with low self-esteem and risk for symptoms of depression is proposed as an initial strategy to direct actions that encourage the practice of physical activity.
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