In higher education in the United States, women are often underrepresented in leadership positions. When women try administration, they face a higher rate of attrition than their male counterparts. Given the lack of women in leadership positions and the failure of the academy to retain women administrators, a group of women administrators and faculty with many collective years of experience in higher education assembled to write this paper. Our writing group consisted of 2 Chairs, 2 Deans, 1 Associate Dean, 2 pre-tenure faculty members, and a Provost, representing four different institutions. The authors of this paper suggest that applying the proposed model of transformational leadership within the field of Kinesiology may have a two-fold benefit. It may increase the number of women in administrative positions and it may extend how long women choose to serve in an administrative capacity. Components of the model include developing personal and professional characteristics that motivate faculty to perform beyond expectations, and understanding gender-related and kinesiology-specific challenges of administration. In addition, recommendations are made for pursuing careers in administration, and for pursuing future research projects. We hope that through this paper, we have started an important and open discussion about women in leadership roles, and ultimately, encouraged some prospective leaders to consider a career in higher education administration.
Emerging research suggests that a more liberalized diet, specifically a more plantbased diet resulting in liberalization of potassium intake, for people receiving hemodialysis is necessary and the benefits outweigh previously thought risks. If the prescribed hemodialysis diet is to be liberalized, the need to illuminate and prevent potential pitfalls of a liberalized potassium diet is warranted. This paper explores such topics as partial to full adherence to a liberalized diet and its consequences if any, the advantages of a high-fiber intake, the theoretical risk of anemia when consuming a more plant-dominant diet, the potential benefits against renal acid load and effect on metabolic acidosis with increased fruit and vegetable intake, the putative change in serum potassium levels, carbohydrate quality, and the healthfulness of meat substitutes. The benefits of a more plant-based diet for the hemodialysis population are multifold; however, the possible pitfalls of this type of diet must be reviewed and addressed upon meal planning in order to be avoided.
How can general practitioners learn how to collaborate with each other? Can counsellors and general practitioners work together to find solutions to some of the seemingly intractable problems of interprofessional co-operation? The problems are many and failure to resolve them frequently inhibits the development of effective counselling services in general practice. Action learning has been used for many years in many countries and in many environments by individuals who come together to learn and understand. They usually share common problems associated with their workplace, and the process of shared learning and understanding often leads to resolution of problems. Evidence is presented to demonstrate that despite the pilot nature of the study and the failure of the second group to complete the cycle of Action Learning meetings, many problems of interprofessional collaboration were identifed and solved by the counsellors and general practitioners who took part in the study guided by a skilled external facilitator. Two groups, each containing four pairs of counsellors and general practitioners, each pair from dzfferent practices, agreed to meet regularly at four to six weekly intervals over 6 8 months. The Action Learning Set format was adapted to identafj the problems besetting their interprofessional collaboration and to find acceptable solutions. Action Learning has been shown many times to promote change through shared learning and understanding which leads to action. The evidence presented demonstrates its worth in general practice. Evidence is presented which demonstrates changes in working practice and organisation. In addition, practical and acceptable policies were developed which enhanced service ejjiciency and interprofessional collaboration.
In February 2011, the Coalition Government published its first mental health strategy No Health Without Mental Health. One year on, Jennifer White and Helen Johnson ask if this strategy was simply the latest in a series of well-meaning strategies in mental health that fall short of their objectives when implemented. The ambition of the latest strategy was to mainstream mental health provision and care and achieve ‘parity of esteem’ with physical health. These are difficult times for the public sector and this Government has set itself a challenge that would be difficult even in affluent times. After years of successive Government strategies purporting to prioritise mental health, are we nearly there yet?
Objectives
An evaluation was conducted of a peer-to-peer nutrition education program, Reinventing Integrative Cooking Opportunities (RICO), to determine if it is reaching its aims to increase self-efficacy in the areas of knife skills, hygiene practice, and recreating recipes in the kitchen by testing a novel method of assessment utilizing a group-based cooking competition. To determine the skill level and information retained by participants while encouraging participant engagement.
Methods
Latino adolescents (n = 16), ages 11–17, were provided with a recipe previously implemented during the six-week RICO program cycle. One evaluator was assigned per team to observe skills throughout the competition. Participants worked independently and were only corrected to ensure participant safety. Evaluation criteria scored during the assessment included food safety, knife safety, knife skills, hygiene, recipe completion, and flavor. Participants completed a written activity that was used to measure knowledge of food groups and the importance of ingredients used in the recipe retained from previous RICO lessons.
Results
Participants were scored on a scale from 1 to 5, where 1 = not acceptable to 5 = very acceptable. Results showed an overall mean score of 4.0 and 5.0. The highest scored skill observed during the evaluation was food safety (mean 4.75, range 1.0), while the lowest score was knife skills (mean 3.50, range 4.0). Recipe completion was a strength for all groups (mean 4.25, range 2.0), while flavor and hygiene practices were two areas where groups struggled (mean 3.75, range 3.0). This method of evaluation also revealed areas of improvement for RICO, namely, revision of lessons to provide better retention of cooking skills and nutrition knowledge. The completion rate of the written portion of the evaluation was 75%. Analysis of written answers shows that 25% understood the directions provided, while 75% did not. These results demonstrate the need to correct the evaluation with more precise instructions for how to fill out the activity sheet for participants.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates a direct observation method for data collection that kept participants engaged while providing insight into program outcomes.
Funding Sources
The Office of Community Engagement at the researcher's institution provided funding.
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